“…Some studies demonstrated that probiotic supplementations did not significantly alter the CRP levels, 36,51 while others suggested the contrary. 52,53 In addition, probiotic supplementation appears to exert different effects on cytokines, such as serum IL-6 levels. In PD patients, 6 months of treatment with probiotics significantly reduced serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-a, IL-5, and IL-6.…”