Correction of tree ring stable carbon isotope chronologies for changes in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere

McCarroll, Danny; Gagen, Mary; Loader, Neil J.; Robertson, Iain; Anchukaitis, Kevin J.; Los, S.O.; Young, Giles H.F.; Jalkanen, Risto; Kirchhefer, Andreas; Waterhouse, J.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2008.11.041

Cited by 253 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…2B). Similar isotopic trends in trees growing in the northern hemisphere have been observed by other investigators who have suggested that these recent shifts in δ 13 C are indicative of a physiological change in guard cells where stomata become uncoupled from CO 2 concentration as atmospheric CO 2 began to increase rapidly in the 1980s (24). After converting Δ 13 C to C i /C a (Fig.…”

Section: Significancesupporting

confidence: 85%

Evidence of recovery of Juniperus virginiana trees from sulfur pollution after the Clean Air Act

Thomas

Spal

Smith

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Using dendroisotopic techniques, we show the recovery of Juniperus virginiana L. (eastern red cedar) trees in the Central Appalachian Mountains from decades of acidic pollution. Acid deposition over much of the 20th century reduced stomatal conductance of leaves, thereby increasing intrinsic water-use efficiency of the Juniperus trees. These data indicate that the stomata of Juniperus may be more sensitive to acid deposition than to increasing atmospheric CO 2 . A breakpoint in the 100-y δ 13 C tree ring chronology occurred around 1980, as the legacy of sulfur dioxide emissions declined following the enactment of the Clean Air Act in 1970, indicating a gradual increase in stomatal conductance (despite rising levels of atmospheric CO 2 ) and a concurrent increase in photosynthesis related to decreasing acid deposition and increasing atmospheric CO 2 . Tree ring δ 34 S shows a synchronous change in the sources of sulfur used at the whole-tree level that indicates a reduced anthropogenic influence. The increase in growth and the δ 13 C and δ 34 S trends in the tree ring chronology of these Juniperus trees provide evidence for a distinct physiological response to changes in atmospheric SO 2 emissions since ∼1980 and signify the positive impacts of landmark environmental legislation to facilitate recovery of forest ecosystems from acid deposition.carbon isotopes | sulfur isotopes | carbon cycle

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Section: Significancesupporting

confidence: 85%

Evidence of recovery of Juniperus virginiana trees from sulfur pollution after the Clean Air Act

Thomas

Spal

Smith

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Feng and Epstein (1995) and Kürschner (1996) provided correction factors for this plant physiological response. The correction factors were estimated as 0.02 ‰ ppm −1 CO 2 (Feng and Epstein, 1995) and 0.0073 ‰ ppm −1 CO 2 , respectively, (Kürschner, 1996) and represent the upper and lower range of published potential discrimination values (Treydte et al, 2009). McCarroll et al (2009 developed an alternative correction approach, the so-called "pin-correction", which calculates specific values for each individual tree by removing the low-frequency pattern from the δ 13 C record using nonlinear loess regression.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 560 yr summer temperature reconstruction for the Western Mediterranean basin based on stable carbon isotopes from <i>Pinus nigra</i> ssp. <i>laricio</i> (Corsica/France)

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The Mediterranean is considered as an area which will be affected strongly by current climate change. However, temperature records for the past centuries which can contribute to a better understanding of future climate changes are still sparse for this region. Carbon isotope chronologies from tree-rings often mirror temperature history but their application as climate proxies is difficult due to the influence of the anthropogenic change in atmospheric CO 2 on the carbon isotope fractionation during photosynthetic CO 2 uptake. We tested the influence of different correction models accounting for plant response to increased atmospheric CO 2 on four annually resolved long-term carbon isotope records (between 400 and 800 yr) derived from Corsican pine trees (Pinus nigra ssp. laricio) growing at ecologically varying mountain sites on the island of Corsica. The different correction factors have only a minor influence on the main climate signals and resulting temperature reconstructions. Carbon isotope series show strong correlations with summer temperature and precipitation. A summer temperature reconstruction (1448-2007 AD) reveals that the Little Ice Age was characterised by low, but not extremely low temperatures on Corsica. Temperatures have been to modern temperatures at around 1500 AD. The reconstruction reveals warm summers during 1480-1520 and 1950-2007 AD and cool summers during 1580-1620 and 1820-1890 AD.

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“…The raw δ 13 C data were corrected to account for changes in δ 13 C of the atmospheric CO 2 (Suess effect) due to fossil fuel combustion (Leuenberger, 2007). Treydte et al (2001) have suggested additional corrections on tree-ring stable carbon isotope ratios accounting for physiological changes in carbon isotope fixation due to increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations (for review see McCarroll et al, 2009). In this study we tested two scenarios assuming a moderate (0.0073 ‰/ppm; Kürschner, 1996) and an aggressive (0.02 ‰/ppm; Feng and Epstein, 1995) plant physiological response.…”

Section: Stable Carbon Isotope Measurements and Subsequent Correctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple tree-ring proxies (earlywood width, latewood width and δ13C) from pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), Hungary

Kern

Patkó

Kázmér

et al. 2013

Quaternary International

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The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of climatic factors (i.e. monthly mean temperature and total precipitation) on radial growth (earlywood width, latewood width, and total ringwidth) and on latewood stable carbon isotope composition in a pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) stand in northeastern Hungary. Earlywood widths showed the weakest common variance and lack of statistically significant relationship to monthly precipitation and temperature. Latewood width showed the strongest common chronological signal. Correlation analysis with the monthly climate series pointed out the strongest positive/negative correlation with June precipitation for latewood width/stable carbon isotope ratio. These parameters shared the strongest climatic response also for seasonal scale since the highest correlation coefficients, 0.49 and -0.62 for latewood width and stable carbon isotope ratio, respectively, were obtained for both with a 10-month precipitation total (from previous November to current August of the growing season). A combined parameter, derived as difference between latewood width and stable carbon isotope indices showed improved statistical relationship compared to the hydroclimatic calibration target both for local and regional spatial scales. Spatial correlation analysis indicated that the hydroclimatic signal encoded in these moisture sensitive tree-ring parameters from Bakta Forest is expected to be representative for the northeastern Carpathians and for the large part of the Great Hungarian Plain. In addition, the hydroclimatic signal of latewood width chronology was compared to three independent records. Results showed that neither the strength nor the rank of the similarity of the local hydroclimate signals were stable throughout the past two centuries. Future palaeo(hydro)climatological efforts targeting the Carpathian(-Balkan) region are recommended to track carefully the spatial domains for which a given, local, proxy-derived hydroclimate reconstruction might provide useful information.

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Correction of tree ring stable carbon isotope chronologies for changes in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere

Cited by 253 publications

References 47 publications

Evidence of recovery of Juniperus virginiana trees from sulfur pollution after the Clean Air Act

Evidence of recovery of Juniperus virginiana trees from sulfur pollution after the Clean Air Act

A 560 yr summer temperature reconstruction for the Western Mediterranean basin based on stable carbon isotopes from <i>Pinus nigra</i> ssp. <i>laricio</i> (Corsica/France)

Multiple tree-ring proxies (earlywood width, latewood width and δ13C) from pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), Hungary

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Correction of tree ring stable carbon isotope chronologies for changes in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere

Cited by 253 publications

References 47 publications

Evidence of recovery of Juniperus virginiana trees from sulfur pollution after the Clean Air Act

Evidence of recovery of Juniperus virginiana trees from sulfur pollution after the Clean Air Act

A 560 yr summer temperature reconstruction for the Western Mediterranean basin based on stable carbon isotopes from &lt;i&gt;Pinus nigra&lt;/i&gt; ssp. &lt;i&gt;laricio&lt;/i&gt; (Corsica/France)

Multiple tree-ring proxies (earlywood width, latewood width and δ13C) from pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), Hungary

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A 560 yr summer temperature reconstruction for the Western Mediterranean basin based on stable carbon isotopes from <i>Pinus nigra</i> ssp. <i>laricio</i> (Corsica/France)