Correction of Lower Eyelid Retraction by Transconjunctival Retractor Excision and Lateral Eyelid Suspension

Cicatricial iatrogenic lower eyelid malposition in skin cancer surgery: Results of a combined approach

“…It is subdivided into the anterior (skin and orbicularis oculi muscle), middle (orbital septum and orbital fat), and posterior (capsulopalpebral fascia and conjunctiva) lamellae. The orbital septum in the lower eyelid has its origin at the arcus marginalis along the infraorbital rim and inserts into the capsulopalpebral fascia or lower eyelid retractors about 5 mm below the inferior tarsal border (Bourguet, 1924;Hawes and Dortzbach, 1982;Kim et al, 1999;Patipa, 2000).…”

“…Any event, iatrogenic or traumatic, contributing to contracture of the orbital septum will cause it to contract and pull the lower eyelid down from its normal position (Franzco et al, 2007;Kim et al, 1999).…”

Composite Septo-Retractor Recession; A Surgical Technique for Lower-Eyelid Retraction and Review of the Literature

“…8 Posterior lamella deficiency involving tarsus, inferior retractor, or palpebral conjunctiva is usually corrected by using a spacer grafts or inferior retractor recession. 9 Spacers can be autologous (tarsoconjunctiva, 7,10,11 auricular cartilage, 12 hard-palate mucosa graft (HPMG), 13,14 buccal membrane, autogenous dermis skin, 15 pericranial flaps 16 ) homologous (banked sclera, 6,17-19 acellular human dermis 20 ) or synthetic (polytetrafluoroethylene, 21 mersilene, 22 porous polyethylene, 23-25 hyaluronic acid gel 26 ). Lower-eyelid retraction as opposed to cicatrical entropion or ectropion is often due to shortening of inferior retractors and orbital septum.…”

Korrektur von Unterlidretraktion mittels eines porösen Polyethylen (Medpor®) Unterlidimplantats

“…B. als Tarsuszungenplastik evt. in Kombination mit einer Tenotomie der Unterlidretraktoren möglich [9,14,20]. Bei stärkerer Ausprägung oder Vernarbungsprozessen ist meist die Implantation eines Spacers zur Verlängerung und Unterstützung des Unterlids erforderlich [20,30].…”