Correction: Impacts of Surface Water Diversions for Marijuana Cultivation on Aquatic Habitat in Four Northwestern California Watersheds

Bauer, Scott; Olson, J. R.; Cockrill, Adam; Hattem, Michael van; Miller, Linda Federici; Tauzer, Margaret; Leppig, Gordon

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0137935

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Even though greenhouses do normally prevent soil erosion, they are surrounded by large clearings that are accumulated during construction, which expose soils to erosion (Bauer et al 2015).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2024

EJBIR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper analyzes how deforestation and investments are influenced by the legalization of cannabis products for medical/industrial and recreational purposes, as well as their possible protection with Designation of Origin, and Geographical Indication. The long history of illegal cannabis-related activity and the consequences of such activity in the economy, society, and ecosystem during the last decades, the considerations of this paper are of high interest for new business opportunities, expanding or changing existing business objectives, and revitalizing affected forests. A questionnaire via electronic means was spread to gather the data while the logit model and its marginal effect were applied to obtain the results and analyze this influence. Investments in the field of cannabis for medical/industrial and/or recreational purposes appear to be more sensitive to this change, whether the preservation of the ecosystem seems not to be positively influenced. The actual legislative change and a potential future one do show significance, contrary to the industrial property rights, showing the need for further awareness of the benefits of these instruments for the economy. The findings interest economists, pharma and other relevant business fields, policymakers, and scientists in Albania, the region, and worldwide.

show abstract

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2024

EJBIR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Deforestation (including the clearance of protected areas and tropical forests), damage to soil and waterways as well as to local and endemic flora and fauna, and increased pressure on often fragile water resources are some of the key environmental harms documented in regions associated with the production of coca, cannabis, and opium poppy (Álvarez 2007;Ashworth & Vizuete 2017;Bauer et al 2015;Butsic & Brenner 2016;Carah et al 2018;Chouvy & Macfarlane 2018;Gianotti et al 2017;Mansfield 2019;Mills 2012;Salisbury & Fagan 2013;UNODC 2016). The various ecological impacts resulting from illicit drug production will vary depending on the substance being produced and the phase of production (del Olmo 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Drug Production in Belgium – Environmental Harms as Collateral Damage?

Pardal

Colman

Surmont

2021

Journal of Illicit Economies and Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The production of illicit drugs contributes to important environmental harms. In the European context, the production of synthetic drugs, particularly MDMA and amphetamine (and more recently methamphetamine), increasingly poses environmental challenges. The production of these substances in Europe is mainly concentrated in the Netherlands and to a lesser extent in Belgium. In this contribution we focus on the Belgian case, particularly in Flanders-the Belgian region where synthetic drug production has been more present. The goals of our analysis are 1) to document the presence of illicit synthetic drug production and dumping of chemical waste material in that region, 2) to explore the media coverage of environmental harms associated with those activities, and 3) to identify the range of reported environmental harms. We draw on data from the Belgian Federal Police and on an analysis of 289 news articles published in selected Flemish newspapers (2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020). The findings indicate that although there is an increasing trend in the presence of synthetic drug production and dumping sites in Belgium, the details on the nature and extent of environmental harms are often unknown. Besides difficulties around detecting certain types of dumping events, there are also important blind spots in terms of the monitoring of environmental hazards by law enforcement agencies and how that information is shared among the relevant actors.

show abstract