Correction for the effect of soil moisture on <i>in situ</i> XRF analysis using low‐energy background

Bastos, Rodrigo Oliveira; Melquíades, Fábio Luiz; Biasi, G

doi:10.1002/xrs.2397

Cited by 50 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The authors suggest that some of the field‐based results should be checked against laboratory‐based reference methods to ensure reliability of results (Bartley et al, ). Another example was provided by Bastos, Melquiades, and Biasi (), who discussed the effect of moisture in the sample matrix on portable XRF results when analyzing soils.…”

Section: Dealing With Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of environmental forensics: From laboratory to field analysis

Spikmans

2019

WIREs Forensic Science

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Environmental forensics aims to provide investigations into pollution incidents to establish the source of the pollution and any environmental or human health impacts. Casework is strongly reliant on field investigations and subsequent laboratory‐based analysis for confirmation of pollutants present. Current advances in field‐portable instrumentation are shaping the environmental forensics discipline and provide an evolutionary change in the operational capabilities of environmental investigators. The implementation of field‐portable equipment into the environmental investigative framework provides great advances and opportunities, but also needs to be performed with caution to ensure reliable results. Combining the use of field‐portable instrumentation with small mobile forensic laboratories provides for a rapid and flexible emergency response capability that can also be applied to non‐emergency scenarios to aid pollution mapping and tracking, including source determination. The field‐portable equipment can be used in the controlled environment of the mobile laboratory, but can also be used in‐situ where required. Although field‐portable equipment is not likely to replace laboratory‐based analysis methods in the near future, it does provide important intelligence to the field investigator, resulting in a more targeted and detailed investigation of the scene. This allows for a more focussed laboratory‐based investigation and will result in more rapid and appropriate investigations into environmental incidents. Ultimately, this will ensure a better protection of the environment and human health. This article is categorized under: Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence < Forensic Food and Environment Analysis

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Section: Dealing With Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of environmental forensics: From laboratory to field analysis

Spikmans

2019

WIREs Forensic Science

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“…element being analyzed. Bastos, Melquiades and Biasi (2012) proposed a procedure for decreasing the moisture influence on soil analyses by pXRF. They utilized the background radiation as a parameter for low energies and concluded that, after this correction, the obtained results were satisfactory.…”

Section: How Can the Pxrf Equipment Be Used?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technological advances enabled the emergence of portable equipment of X-ray fluorescence (pXRF), which has been showed to be a precise, accurate, low cost, rapid, non-destructive and environmentally friendly method to determine elemental composition of soils and other RIBEIRO, B. T. et al materials (Radu;Diamond, 2009;Zhang, 2011;Bastos;Melquiades;Biasi, 2012;Weindorf et al, 2012a;Weindorf et al, 2012bWeindorf et al, 2014aWeindorf et al, 2014b;Stockmann et al, 2016aStockmann et al, , 2016b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) applications in tropical Soil Science

Ribeiro

Silva

et al. 2017

Ciênc. agrotec.

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The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an analytical technique for determination of elemental composition of different materials. In soils, the XRF has many pedological, environmental and agronomic applications, mainly after the emergence of portable equipments (pXRF). This technique has been recently adopted and successfully used for soil characterization worldwide, but very rare works have been carried out in soils of developing countries. The soil characterization includes the complete elemental composition determination (nutrients, trace and rare-earth elements) and allows estimating some soil physical and chemical properties. In Brazil, this technique is still incipient, mainly the use of pXRF, however, it can greatly contribute to soil characterization in-field or in-lab conditions and also replacing methods of soil analyses considered non-environmentally friendly. This review summarizes the XRF technique including principles and the main applications of pXRF in soils highlighting its potential for tropical Soil Science.Index terms: Soil analyses; soil morphometrics; soil characterization. RESUMOFluorescência de raios-X (FRX) é uma técnica analítica para determinação da composição elementar de diferentes materiais. Em solos, a FRX apresenta muitas aplicações pedológicas, ambientais e agronômicas, principalmente após a emergência de equipamentos portáteis (pXRF). Essa técnica tem sido utilizada com sucessso no mundo todo para caracterização do solo, entretanto, são raros os trabalhos em solos de países em desenvolvimento. A caracterização do solo inclui a determinação completa da composição elementar (nutrientes, elementos-traço e terras-raras) e permite a estimativa de atributos químicos e físicos do solo. No Brasil, a FRX é ainda incipiente, principalmente o uso do pXRF, entretanto, essa técnica pode contribuir grandemente para a caracterização do solo no campo, em condições laboratoriais e, também, substituindo alguns métodos de análise do solo considerados não prejudicial ao ambiente. Esta revisão sumariza a técnica de FRX incluindo princípios e as principais aplicações do pXRF, destacando seu potencial de uso na Ciência do Solo tropical. Termos para indexação:Análise do solo; morfometria do solo; caracterização do solo.

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“…However, since μ ‐XRF scanning spectroscopy involves the direct measurement of wet sediment surfaces, the resulting XRF intensity is affected by several interferences, such as the surface roughness (grain sizes), sample heterogeneity and interstitial pore water (Potts, ; Jansen et al ., ). In particular, the influence of pore water on μ ‐XRF scanning spectroscopy is significant, and calibration methods have been reported in several prior studies (Phedorin & Goldberg, ; Kido et al ., ; Tjallingii et al ., ; Weltje & Tjallingii, ; Bastos et al ., ; Hennekam & de Lange, ; Rowe et al ., ; Weindorf et al ., ; Boyle et al ., ; MacLachlan et al ., ; Weltje et al ., ; Chen et al ., ). Corrections of μ ‐XRF data for wet sediment have involved two steps: (i) estimation of the water content (WC) in the sediment based on direct and/or indirect parameters; (ii) correction for the effects of the WC on the XRF intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative micro‐X‐ray fluorescence scanning spectroscopy of wet sediment based on the X‐ray absorption and emission theories: Its application to freshwater lake sedimentary sequences

et al. 2019

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Micro‐X‐ray fluorescence scanning spectroscopy of marine and lake sedimentary sequences can provide detailed palaeoenvironmental records through element intensity proxy data. However, problems with the effects of interstitial pore water on the micro‐X‐ray fluorescence intensities have been pointed out. This is because the X‐ray fluorescence intensities are measured directly at the surfaces of split wet sediment core samples. This study developed a new method for correcting X‐ray fluorescence data to compensate for the effects of pore water using a scanning X‐ray analytical microscope. This involved simultaneous use of micro‐X‐ray fluorescence scanning spectroscopy and an X‐ray transmission detector. To evaluate the interstitial pore water content from the X‐ray transmission intensities, a fine‐grained sediment core retrieved from Lake Baikal (VER99‐G12) was used to prepare resin‐embedded samples with smooth surfaces and uniform thickness. Simple linear regression between the linear absorption coefficients of the samples and their porosity, based on the Lambert–Beer law, enabled calculation of the interstitial pore spaces and their resin content with high reproducibility. The X‐ray fluorescence intensities of resin‐embedded samples were reduced compared with those of dry sediment samples because of: (i) the X‐ray fluorescence absorption of resin within sediment; and (ii) the sediment dilution effects by resin. An improved micro‐X‐ray fluorescence correction equation based on X‐ray fluorescence emission theory considers the instrument's sensitivity to each element, which provides a reasonable explanation of these two effects. The resin‐corrected X‐ray fluorescence intensity was then successfully converted to elemental concentrations using simple linear regression between the data from micro‐X‐ray fluorescence scanning spectroscopy and from the conventional analyzer. In particular, the calculated concentration of SiO2 over the depth of the core, reflecting diatom/biogenic silica concentration, was significantly changed by the calibrations, from a progressively decreasing trend to an increasing trend towards the top of the core.

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Correction for the effect of soil moisture on in situ XRF analysis using low‐energy background

Cited by 50 publications

References 11 publications

The evolution of environmental forensics: From laboratory to field analysis

The evolution of environmental forensics: From laboratory to field analysis

Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) applications in tropical Soil Science

Quantitative micro‐X‐ray fluorescence scanning spectroscopy of wet sediment based on the X‐ray absorption and emission theories: Its application to freshwater lake sedimentary sequences

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