“…Catalysts such as Y(OTf) 3 , Hf(OTf) 4 , In(OTf) 3 , Cu(OTf) 2 , Lu(OTf) 3 and Nd(OTf) 3 result in low efficiency (Table 1, entries 4-9). To improve the yield, Lewis acids, including iron salts, tin salts and other kinds of Lewis acids, were also tested, and the results are unsatisfactory (Table 1, entries [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The yield decreased when the reaction was carried out in DCE, toluene and CHCl 3 (Table 1, entries 20-22).…”