Correction: A Functional Screen Identifies Specific MicroRNAs Capable of Inhibiting Human Melanoma Cell Viability

Abstract

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer with poor prognosis. Despite improvements in awareness and prevention of this disease, its incidence is rapidly increasing. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNA molecules that regulate cellular processes by repressing messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with partially complementary target sites. Several miRNAs have already been shown to attenuate cancer phenotypes, by limiting proliferation, invasiveness, tumor angiogenesis, and stemness. Here, we employed a genome-scale lentiviral human miRNA expression library to systematically survey which miRNAs are able to decrease A375 melanoma cell viability. We highlight the strongest inhibitors of melanoma cell proliferation, including the miR-15/16, miR-141/200a and miR-96/182 families of miRNAs and miR-203. Ectopic expression of these miRNAs resulted in long-term inhibition of melanoma cell expansion, both in vitro and in vivo. We show specifically miR-16, miR-497, miR-96 and miR-182 are efficient effectors when introduced as synthetic miRNAs in several melanoma cell lines. Our study provides a comprehensive interrogation of miRNAs that interfere with melanoma cell proliferation and viability, and offers a selection of miRNAs that are especially promising candidates for application in melanoma therapy.

HuRdling Senescence: HuR Breaks BRAF-Induced Senescence in Melanocytes and Supports Melanoma Growth

“…The miR-29a regulates HuR indirectly by the degradation of tristetraprolin (TTP) mRNA, an RBP negatively influencing HuR expression [23]. In melanoma, miR-29a expression is induced [40], whereas miR-125a and miR-16 get lost during melanoma development [41,42]. This leads to the assumption that these miRNAs could be additionally involved in the regulation of HuR in melanoma.…”

MicroRNA Isoforms Contribution to Melanoma Pathogenesis

“…This seems to suggest that only this isomiR could have a protective role, and not the canonical form or the other variants. The canonical miRNA was found to inhibit the proliferation of melanoma cells [40].…”

Functional genomics screen with pooled shRNA library and gene expression profiling with extracts of Azadirachta indica identify potential pathways for therapeutic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

“…One such method is RNA interference. It is a powerful and proven system to perturb gene function in higher organisms by phenotypic screening, with the potential ability to identify pathways and networks of genes involved in cancer (Tang et al, 2008; Blakely, Ketela & Moffat, 2011; Poell et al, 2011; Iorns et al, 2012; Mendes-Pereira et al, 2012; Poell et al, 2012; Singleton et al, 2013). Use of pooled genome-wide libraries of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) coupled with next-generation sequencing offers higher sensitivity and a broader, dynamic range to screen for biological activity with the potential to identify pathways for drug actions through network-based approaches (Erler & Linding, 2010; Erler & Linding, 2012).…”