Corpus Callosum Abnormalities in Psychopathic Antisocial Individuals

Raine, Adrian; Lencz, Todd; Taylor, Kristen B.; Hellige, Joseph B.; Bihrle, Susan; LaCasse, Lori; Lee, Mimi; Ishikawa, Sharon S.; Colletti, Patrick M.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.11.1134

Cited by 215 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Teicher and colleagues (1997) in their study of maltreated inpatients did not find the presence of a PTSD diagnosis to contribute in predicting corpus callosum area above and beyond the effects of neglect, although the study was not fully powered to investigate this (Teicher et al 2002). There is preliminary evidence to suggest that sociopathy is associated with increased CC area, and that this effect is independent of childhood history of abuse (Raine et al, 2003), but further work in this area is warranted. The use of two (e.g., maltreatment vs. no maltreatment) by two (e.g., PTSD vs. no PTSD) research designs in carefully characterized samples will help to determine the specificity of CC changes observed in association with trauma, PTSD, and other psychiatric diagnoses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Corpus callosum in maltreated children with posttraumatic stress disorder: A diffusion tensor imaging study

Jackowski

Douglas‐Palumberi

Jackowski

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

186

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Contrary to expectations derived from preclinical studies of the effects of stress, and imaging studies of adults with PTSD, there is no evidence of hippocampus atrophy in children with PTSD. Multiple pediatric studies have reported reductions in the corpus callosum -the primary white matter tract in the brain. Consequently, in the present study, Diffusion Tensor Imaging was used to assess corpus callosum white matter integrity in 17 maltreated children with PTSD and 15 demographically matched normal controls. Children with PTSD had reduced fractional anisotropy in the medial and posterior corpus, a region which contains interhemispheric projections from brain structures involved in circuits that mediate the processing of emotional stimuli and various memory functions ---core disturbances associated with a history of trauma. Further exploration of the effects of stress on corpus callosum and white matter development appears a promising strategy to better understanding the pathophysiology of PTSD in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Corpus callosum in maltreated children with posttraumatic stress disorder: A diffusion tensor imaging study

Jackowski

Douglas‐Palumberi

Jackowski

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

186

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The literature reviewed above has revealed several replicable early biological correlates of later violence. Some studies have shown that neurobiological markers can predict, over and above well-replicated psychosocial risk factors, which individuals will demonstrate antisocial or psychopathic traits 101,102 . The two recent imaging studies described above 18,79 , together with multiple studies identifying psychophysiological and hormone predictors of future offending, provide some support for the conclusions made in a Royal Society report that neuroscience may have future value in predicting reoffending 103 .…”

Section: Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocriminology: implications for the punishment, prediction and prevention of criminal behaviour

2013

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Criminal behaviour and violence are increasingly viewed as worldwide public health problems. A growing body of knowledge shows that criminal behaviour has a neurobiological basis, and this has intensified judicial interest in the potential application of neuroscience to criminal law. It also gives rise to important questions. What are the implications of such application for predicting future criminal behaviour and protecting society? Can it be used to prevent violence? And what are the implications for the way offenders are punished?

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“…There is reduced prefrontal grey matter in men with psychopathy compared to multiple control groups and the individuals with smaller volumes also have reduced skin conductance responses on a social stressor (Raine et al, 2000). Individuals with psychopathy also have abnormalities in the corpus callosum (Raine et al, 2003), amygdala (Blair & Frith, 2000), anterior temporal lobe and lateral frontal lobe, and in functional imaging studies, there are differences in activation in multiple brain areas suggesting that psychopaths process emotional as well as non-emotional stimuli differently than controls (Kiehl, 2000;Kiehl et al, 2004).…”

Section: Psychopathymentioning

confidence: 99%