“…Numerous studies have delved into the comprehensive analysis of CSRD, evaluating transparency (Amran et al, 2017;Ehsan et al, 2018;Hamid et al, 2020;Haniffa & Cooke, 2005;Riyadh et al, 2019;Shabbir et al, 2020;Syed & Butt, 2017). Generally, businesses focus on economic, environmental, and social activities to be more responsible toward sustainability (Hayat et al, 2021;Orij, 2010;Smith et al, 2005). The following research has focused only on social disclosure, such as environmental effects, workforce and social well-being, occupational health and safety, product responsibility, etc.…”