“…Despite the increasing interest in this issue, the effect of environmental, social, and governance issues on overall firm risk by jointly considering debt financing still remains an open, entangling debate (Albuquerque, Durnev, & Koskinen, 2014;Lee & Faff, 2009). From a financial perspective, scholars and practitioners call for the need to integrate ESG objectives into credit scoring evaluations and lending policies adopted by financial intermediaries (Attig, El Ghoul, & Guedhami, 2013;Birindelli, Ferretti, Intonti, & Iannuzzi, 2015;Zeidan, Boechat, & Fleury, 2015). As a matter of fact, ESG objectives do not clearly figure in the creditworthiness evaluation of credit lending practices employed by banks yet (Zeidan et al, 2015), even if financial markets and institutions have demonstrated an increasing interest in ESG criteria within investment decision-making processes (Friede et.…”