“…On the other hand, there are limited research efforts on employees' critical psychological states or their mental processes, i.e. employee brand understanding (Piehler, King, Burmann, & Xiong, 2016;Xiong, King, & Piehler, 2013) and brand psychological ownership (Chang, Chiang, & Han, 2012;Chiang, 2009;Chiang, Chang, Han, & McConville, 2013), which could be used to manage employees' brand behavior. Moreover, there is little discussion on the antecedents of employee critical psychological states in the branding literature (Altaf, Mokhtar, & Ghani, 2017;Piehler et al, 2016)2016b.…”