Coronaviruses in wild birds – A potential and suitable vector for global distribution

Rahman, Md. Mijanur; Talukder, Asma; Chowdhury, Mohammed; Talukder, Reshma; Akter, Rekha

doi:10.1002/vms3.360

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…These fomites (objects carrying infection) could be a conduit for zoonotic transmissions as registered in some marine mammals from wastewater treatment plants ( Mathavarajah et al, 2020 ). Besides, there are some assumptions about the ability of wild birds to be zoonotic spreading vectors of coronaviruses ( Rahman et al, 2021 ). Meanwhile, in Lima beaches, De-la-Torre et al (2021) have noticed the proliferation of red algae on two masks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal protective equipment (PPE) pollution associated with the COVID-19 pandemic along the coastline of Agadir, Morocco

Ben-Haddad

De-la-Torre

Abelouah

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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The increasing use of personal protective equipment (PPE) as a sanitary measure against the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has become a significant source of many environmental risks. The majority of the governments enforce the use of PPE in public areas, such as beaches. Thus, the use and disposal of PPE have compromised most solid waste management strategies, ultimately leading to the occurrence of PPE polluting the marine environment. The present study aimed to monitor the PPE pollution associated with COVID-19 along the coastline of Agadir, Morocco. In parallel, the influence of the activities carried out in each sampled beach before and after the lockdown break was reported. Overall, a total number of 689 PPE items were identified, with a mean density of 1.13 × 10 −5 PPE m −2 (0–1.21 × 10 −4 PPE m −2 ). The majority of the PPE items found were face masks (96.81%), out of which 98.4% were surgical masks and 1.6% were reusable cloth masks. The most polluted sites were the beaches with recreational activities, followed by surfing, and fishing as the main activity. Importantly, PPE density increased significantly after lockdown measures. Additionally, the discarded PPE sampled in the supralittoral zone was higher than PPE recorded in the intertidal zone. This confirms that PPE items are driven by the beachgoers during their visit. PPE items are a source of microplastic and chemical pollutants, a substrate to invasive species colonization, and a potential threat of entanglement, ingestion, and/or infection among apex predators. In the specific case of Agadir beaches, significant efforts are required to work on the lack of environmental awareness and education. It is recommended to improve beach cleaning strategies and to penalize incorrect PPE disposal. Additional alternatives may be adopted, as the involvement of biodegradable materials in PPE manufacturing, recycling through pyrolysis, and encouraging reusable and washable masks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal protective equipment (PPE) pollution associated with the COVID-19 pandemic along the coastline of Agadir, Morocco

Ben-Haddad

De-la-Torre

Abelouah

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Coronaviruses (CoVs) have enveloped positive‐sense and single‐stranded RNA as genetic material with a highly diverse nature. It causes enteric, hepatic, and neurological diseases in humans and animals [ 59 , 101 ]. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel betacoronavirus is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was first found in Wuhan of China on December 2019 in a group of people connected to a seafood market [ 101 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It causes enteric, hepatic, and neurological diseases in humans and animals [ 59 , 101 ]. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel betacoronavirus is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was first found in Wuhan of China on December 2019 in a group of people connected to a seafood market [ 101 ]. On 11 March 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) categorized COVID-19 as a pandemic as it had already spread almost all over the world [ 68 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on COVID-19 vaccines: development, effectiveness, adverse effects, distribution and challenges

et al. 2022

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The present SARS-CoV-2 induced COVID-19 pandemic is responsible for millions of deaths, illnesses, and economic loss worldwide. There are 21 COVID-19 vaccines from different platforms approved worldwide for emergency use until 13 August 2021. Later, BNT162b2 obtained full approval from the FDA. The efficacy of the leading vaccines such as BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, Gam-Covid-Vac, Ad26.COV2.S, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, and BBIBP-CorV, against SARS-CoV-2 documented as 95%, 94.1%, 91.6%, 67%, 70.4%, and 78.1%, respectively. Moreover, against the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, and BBV152 showed 88%, 70%, and 65.2% efficacy, respectively. Apart from the common adverse effects such as fever, fatigue, headache, and pain in the injection site, Bell’s palsy with BNT162b2, myocarditis and pericarditis with mRNA-1273, and thrombosis with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 have been reported though seemed not alarming. Furthermore, global production and distribution of vaccines should be ensured in an equal and justifiable way that the immunity and protection against the virus would be optimum and persistent.

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“…They can be divided into four genera, including alpha (α), beta (β), gamma (Υ), and delta (δ). Among these, alpha and beta only infect mammals, whereas gamma and delta primarily infect birds with few deviations [47]. Based on its phylogenic analysis and genomic construction, the SARS-CoV-2 has its place in the beta group (Hu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Sars-cov-2: From Biological Features To Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Key Emphasis on Melatonin Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy

et al. 2021

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Viral infections constitute a tectonic convulsion in the normophysiology of the hosts. The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is not an exception, and therefore the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, like any other invading microbe, enacts a generalized immune response once the virus contacts the body. Melatonin is a systemic dealer that does not overlook any homeostasis disturbance, which consequently brings into play its cooperative triad, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulant backbone, to stop the infective cycle of SARS-CoV-2 or any other endogenous or exogenous threat. In COVID-19, the corporal propagation of SARS-CoV-2 involves an exacerbated oxidative activity and therefore the overproduction of great amounts of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). The endorsement of melatonin as a possible protective agent against the current pandemic is indirectly supported by its widely demonstrated beneficial role in preclinical and clinical studies of other respiratory diseases. In addition, focusing the therapeutic action on strengthening the host protection responses in critical phases of the infective cycle makes it likely that multi-tasking melatonin will provide multi-protection, maintaining its efficacy against the virus variants that are already emerging and will emerge as long as SARS-CoV-2 continues to circulate among us.

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Coronaviruses in wild birds – A potential and suitable vector for global distribution

Cited by 22 publications

References 47 publications

Personal protective equipment (PPE) pollution associated with the COVID-19 pandemic along the coastline of Agadir, Morocco

Personal protective equipment (PPE) pollution associated with the COVID-19 pandemic along the coastline of Agadir, Morocco

A comprehensive review on COVID-19 vaccines: development, effectiveness, adverse effects, distribution and challenges

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Key Emphasis on Melatonin Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy

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