Coronavirus surveillance of wildlife in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic detects viral RNA in rodents

McIver, David J; Silithammavong, Soubanh; Theppangna, Watthana; Gillis, Amethyst; Douangngeun, Bounlom; Khammavong, Kongsy; Singhalath, Sinpakone; Duong, Veasna; Buchy, Philippe; Olson, Sarah H.; Keatts, Lucy; Fine, Amanda E.; Greatorex, Zoe; Gilbert, Martin; LeBreton, Matthew; Saylors, Karen; Joly, Damien O.; Rubin, Edward M.; Lange, Christian E.

doi:10.1007/s00705-020-04683-7

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“… 12 , 157 , 180 – 184 A recent study suggests increasing coronavirus prevalence associated with the wildlife trade with increased disease along the trade route. 185 Palm Civets and Racoon Dogs previously detected with SARS-CoV infection exhibited symptoms and signs of distress. Similarly, this was observed for smuggled Sunda Pangolins in China that were positive for the closely related Pangolin-CoV.…”

Section: Wild-caught Positive Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal and translational models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19

et al. 2020

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COVID-19 is causing a major once-in-a-century global pandemic. The scientific and clinical community is in a race to define and develop effective preventions and treatments. The major features of disease are described but clinical trials have been hampered by competing interests, small scale, lack of defined patient cohorts and defined readouts. What is needed now is head-to-head comparison of existing drugs, testing of safety including in the background of predisposing chronic diseases, and the development of new and targeted preventions and treatments. This is most efficiently achieved using representative animal models of primary infection including in the background of chronic disease with validation of findings in primary human cells and tissues. We explore and discuss the diverse animal, cell and tissue models that are being used and developed and collectively recapitulate many critical aspects of disease manifestation in humans to develop and test new preventions and treatments.

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Section: Wild-caught Positive Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal and translational models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19

et al. 2020

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“…Identification of an OC43 subgroup virus in deer mice provides further evidence of the wide host range of this group of betacoronaviruses. A recent survey of Laotian wildlife found rodent coronaviruses in two distinct genetic clusters, one of which is related to OC43 [34]. Monchatre-Leroy et al found one rodent and five rabbit coronaviruses in France that belong to this group [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Opportunistic Survey Reveals an Unexpected Coronavirus Diversity Hotspot in North America

Griffin

Messer

et al. 2021

Viruses

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In summer 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected on mink farms in Utah. An interagency One Health response was initiated to assess the extent of the outbreak and included sampling animals from on or near affected mink farms and testing them for SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS coronaviruses. Among the 365 animals sampled, including domestic cats, mink, rodents, raccoons, and skunks, 261 (72%) of the animals harbored at least one coronavirus. Among the samples that could be further characterized, 127 alphacoronaviruses and 88 betacoronaviruses (including 74 detections of SARS-CoV-2 in mink) were identified. Moreover, at least 10% (n = 27) of the coronavirus-positive animals were found to be co-infected with more than one coronavirus. Our findings indicate an unexpectedly high prevalence of coronavirus among the domestic and wild free-roaming animals tested on mink farms. These results raise the possibility that mink farms could be potential hot spots for future trans-species viral spillover and the emergence of new pandemic coronaviruses.

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“…Two conventional nested broad range PCR assays, designed based on different sequence sets, both targeting different conserved regions within the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene (RdRp) were used successfully to screen samples of bats, rodents, and other animals (and humans) for CoV RNA ( Anthony et al. 2017 ; McIver et al. 2020 ; Kumakamba et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife in Cameroon harbor diverse coronaviruses, including many closely related to human coronavirus 229E

Ntumvi

Ndze²,

Gillis

et al. 2022

Virus Evolution

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Zoonotic spillover of animal viruses into human populations is a continuous and increasing public health risk. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) highlights the global impact of emergence. Considering the history and diversity of coronaviruses (CoVs), especially in bats, SARS-CoV-2 will likely not be the last to spillover from animals into human populations. We sampled and tested wildlife in the Central African country Cameroon to determine which CoVs are circulating and how they relate to previously detected human and animal CoVs. We collected animal and ecological data at sampling locations and used family-level consensus PCR combined with amplicon sequencing for virus detection. Between 2003 and 2018, samples were collected from 6,580 animals of several different orders. CoV RNA was detected in 175 bats, a civet, and a shrew. The CoV RNAs detected in the bats represented 17 different genetic clusters, coinciding with alpha (n = 8) and beta (n = 9) CoVs. Sequences resembling human CoV-229E (HCoV-229E) were found in 40 Hipposideridae bats. Phylogenetic analyses place the human-derived HCoV-229E isolates closest to those from camels in terms of the S and N genes but closest to isolates from bats for the envelope, membrane, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase genes. The CoV RNA positivity rate in bats varied significantly (P < 0.001) between the wet (8.2 per cent) and dry seasons (4.5 per cent). Most sampled species accordingly had a wet season high and dry season low, while for some the opposite was found. Eight of the suspected CoV species of which we detected RNA appear to be entirely novel CoV species, which suggests that CoV diversity in African wildlife is still rather poorly understood. The detection of multiple different variants of HCoV-229E-like viruses supports the bat reservoir hypothesis for this virus, with the phylogenetic results casting some doubt on camels as an intermediate host. The findings also support the previously proposed influence of ecological factors on CoV circulation, indicating a high level of underlying complexity to the viral ecology. These results indicate the importance of investing in surveillance activities among wild animals to detect all potential threats as well as sentinel surveillance among exposed humans to determine emerging threats.

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Coronavirus surveillance of wildlife in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic detects viral RNA in rodents

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Animal and translational models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19

Animal and translational models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19

An Opportunistic Survey Reveals an Unexpected Coronavirus Diversity Hotspot in North America

Wildlife in Cameroon harbor diverse coronaviruses, including many closely related to human coronavirus 229E

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