Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and antibiotic stewardship: Using a systems engineering approach to maintain patient safety

Abstract

Antibiotic stewardship (AS) practices are critical during the COVID-19 pandemic due to risks of antibiotic overuse on patient safety, including Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). A systems engineering approach can help teams evaluate and modify work system elements to support AS and prevent CDI as part of their facility’s COVID-19 response.

Natural and Semi-Synthetic Flavonoid Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents for the Treatment of Long COVID-19 Disease and Neurodegenerative Disorders of Cognitive Decline

“…The attainment of bacterial antibiotic resistance is a serious healthcare problem [381] and one that has been acknowledged by the WHO with their publication of the dirty dozen list of MDR pathogenic bacteria [http://www.wh o.int/news-room/detail/27-02-2017-who-publishes-list-o f-bacteria-for-which-new-antibiotics-areurgentlyneeded (accessed 12 January 2018)]. MDR bacterial infections have been compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of the MDR strains of Clostridium difficile and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in long COVID bacterial infections [382][383][384][385][386]. Inappropriate administration of antibiotics to long COVID-19 patients despite the fact that this is not a bacterial infection may be inappropriate even when these are administered as a preventative measure against potential secondary bacterial infections that may occur and may actually result in these patients acquiring troublesome antibiotic resistant bacterial strains [387].…”