Coronavirus disease 2019 and neurodegenerative disease: what will the future bring?

McAlpine, Lindsay; Fesharaki-Zadeh, Arman; Spudich, Serena

doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000688

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Similar to AD, PD patients suffer from cognitive and memory issues in addition to the impairment of motor function [190]. Although ACE2 is widely expressed in CNS and SARS-CoV-2 infects and damages several sites in the brain, there is no direct evidence that SARS-CoV-2 induces or increases the risk of PD development or that PD patients are at higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 [191,192]. There is not any evidence too that PD worsens during the course of COVID-19 disease [192].…”

Section: Neurodegenerative and Demyelinating Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although ACE2 is widely expressed in CNS and SARS-CoV-2 infects and damages several sites in the brain, there is no direct evidence that SARS-CoV-2 induces or increases the risk of PD development or that PD patients are at higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 [191,192]. There is not any evidence too that PD worsens during the course of COVID-19 disease [192]. However, it is highly possible that SARS-CoV-2 could be linked to PD development or its acceleration once more studies are conducted and follow-up of COVID-19 survivors is done over the next few years.…”

Section: Neurodegenerative and Demyelinating Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurological Complications of COVID-19: Underlying Mechanisms and Management

Shehata

Lord

Grudzinski

et al. 2021

IJMS

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COVID-19 is a severe respiratory disease caused by the newly identified human coronavirus (HCoV) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was discovered in December 2019, and in March 2020, the disease was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to a high number of cases. Although SARS-CoV-2 primarily affects the respiratory system, several studies have reported neurological complications in COVID-19 patients. Headache, dizziness, loss of taste and smell, encephalitis, encephalopathy, and cerebrovascular diseases are the most common neurological complications that are associated with COVID-19. In addition, seizures, neuromuscular junctions’ disorders, and Guillain–Barré syndrome were reported as complications of COVID-19, as well as neurodegenerative and demyelinating disorders. However, the management of these conditions remains a challenge. In this review, we discuss the prevalence, pathogenesis, and mechanisms of these neurological sequelae that are secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aim to update neurologists and healthcare workers on the possible neurological complications associated with COVID-19 and the management of these disease conditions.

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Section: Neurodegenerative and Demyelinating Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Neurodegenerative and Demyelinating Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Complications of COVID-19: Underlying Mechanisms and Management

Shehata

Lord

Grudzinski

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…With reference to COVID‐19 and the brain, plenty of findings have been described 45‐47 . Central nervous thrombosis seems to have an increased relative risk 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Features of hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis were detected in 28.8% of patients with meningoencephalitis 46 . COVID‐19 also may have the potential to incite or accelerate neurodegeneration 47 . Patients with previous multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's diseases were significantly present amid hospitalized COVID‐19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and its implications on cerebral circulation and intracranial compliance in severe COVID‐19

Brasil

Renck

Taccone

et al. 2021

Obesity Science & Practice

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Objective Multiple factors have been identified as causes of intracranial compliance impairment (ICCI) among patients with obesity. On the other hand, obesity has been linked with worst outcomes in COVID‐19. Thus, the hypothesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) conducing to cerebral hemodynamic disorders (CHD) able to worsen ICCI and play an additional role on prognosis determination for COVID‐19 among obese patients becomes suitable. Methods 50 cases of SARS by COVID‐19 were evaluated, for the presence of ICCI and cerebrovascular circulatory disturbances in correspondence with whether unfavorable outcomes (death or impossibility for mechanical ventilation weaning [MVW]) within 7 days after evaluation. The objective was to observe whether obese patients (BMI ≥ 30) disclosed worse outcomes and tests results compared with lean subjects with same clinical background. Results 23 (46%) patients among 50 had obesity. ICCI was verified in 18 (78%) obese, whereas in 13 (48%) of 27 non‐obese ( p = 0,029). CHD were not significantly different between groups, despite being high prevalent in both. 69% unfavorable outcomes were observed among obese and 44% for lean subjects ( p = 0,075). Conclusion In the present study, intracranial compliance impairment was significantly more observed among obese subjects and may have contributed for SARS COVID‐19 worsen prognosis.

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“…Influenza A virus also triggers autoimmune CNS damage with the lung acting as an inflammatory niche in which auto-aggressive T cells gain the capacity to enter CNS (107). Thus, the persistence of the virus or of viral proteins may continue to stimulate the immune system and perpetuate chronic demyelination (112). Together, these findings suggest a potential link between neurological defects and autoimmune reactions upon SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Autoimmunity As a Link Of Covid-19 And Neurodegenerative Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Immunopathogenesis of Neuroinvasive Lesions of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in COVID-19 Patients

et al. 2021

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The new coronavirus disease COVID-19 was identified in December 2019. It subsequently spread across the world with over 125 M reported cases and 2.75 M deaths in 190 countries. COVID-19 causes severe respiratory distress; however, recent studies have reported neurological consequences of infection by the COVID-19 virus SARS-CoV-2 even in subjects with mild infection and no initial neurological effects. It is likely that the virus uses the olfactory nerve to reach the CNS and that this transport mechanism enables virus access to areas of the brain stem that regulates respiratory rhythm and may even trigger cell death by alteration of these neuronal nuclei. In addition, the long-term neuronal effects of COVID-19 suggest a role for SARS-CoV-2 in the development or progression of neurodegerative disease as a result of inflammation and/or hypercoagulation. In this review recent findings on the mechanism(s) by which SARS-CoV-2 accesses the CNS and induces neurological dysregulation are summarized.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 and neurodegenerative disease: what will the future bring?

Cited by 32 publications

References 100 publications

Neurological Complications of COVID-19: Underlying Mechanisms and Management

Neurological Complications of COVID-19: Underlying Mechanisms and Management

Obesity and its implications on cerebral circulation and intracranial compliance in severe COVID‐19

The Immunopathogenesis of Neuroinvasive Lesions of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in COVID-19 Patients

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