Coronavirus disease 2019 and dengue: two case reports

Hilmy, Abdullah Isneen; Dey, Rajib Kumar; Imad, Hisham Ahmed; Yoosuf, Abdul Azeez; Nazeem, Ali; Latheef, Ali

doi:10.1186/s13256-021-02707-7

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Several tropical diseases are endemic to the Maldives, and clinicians use point-of-care test kits since many tropical diseases are indistinguishable upon presentation and can overlap with symptoms of MIS-A [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. In the present case, the patient had a positive diagnosis of dengue IgM from ELISA, but this finding had to be carefully interpreted as false-positive dengue serology had been described in COVID-19 patients [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Adult: A Case Report from the Maldives

et al. 2021

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The multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) is a novel syndrome observed during COVID-19 outbreaks. This hyper-inflammatory syndrome is seen predominantly in children and adolescents. The case of an adult from the Maldives who had asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection three weeks before presenting to the hospital with fever, rash, and shock is presented. De-identified clinical data were retrospectively collected to summarize the clinical progression and treatment during hospitalization and the six-month follow-up. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by RT-PCR. Other laboratory findings included anemia (hemoglobin: 9.8 g/dL), leukocytosis (leukocytes: 20,900/µL), neutrophilia (neutrophils: 18,580/µL) and lymphopenia (lymphocytes: 5067/µL), and elevated inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (34.8 mg/dL) and ferritin (2716.0 ng/dL). The electrocardiogram had low-voltage complexes, and the echocardiogram showed hypokinesia, ventricular dysfunction, and a pericardial effusion suggestive of myocardial dysfunction compromising hemodynamics and causing circulatory shock. These findings fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of MIS-A. The case was managed in the intensive care unit and required non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, inotropes, and steroids. With the new surges of COVID-19 cases, more cases of MIS-A that require the management of organ failure and long-term follow-up to recovery are anticipated. Clinicians should therefore be vigilant in identifying cases of MIS-A during the pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Adult: A Case Report from the Maldives

et al. 2021

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“…The emergence of both dengue and COVID-19 infections have given rise to various cases of other co-infections. Several case reports from Indonesia and Thailand have shown misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis, not only due to false-positive or false-negative interpretation, but also due to the "stigma" of COVID-19 diagnosis by the physicians themselves [13][14][15][16]. Misdiagnosis of COVID-19 as dengue also hinders isolation of patients leading to risk of airborne transmission to other patients.…”

Section: Challenges and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue and COVID-19 infections in the ASEAN region: a concurrent outbreak of viral diseases

Wiyono¹,

Rocha

Cedeño

et al. 2021

Epidemiol Health

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The countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have been dealing with dengue outbreaks for decades, being one of the regions with high dengue infection cases globally. These outbreaks are happening on top of the COVID-19 pandemic that is causing havoc among these ten countries. Both infectious diseases have caused a tremendous burden for the countries in the region-from infection control to the economic impact. This increasing number of cases happened with the contribution of the disruption in the pathogen-host-vector relationship, caused by the change of human behaviour during the pandemic period, and aggravated by the implementation of lockdowns and social distancing policies. These had several consequences, including limiting the coverage of dengue preventive programs and delaying the medical management of both diseases due to co-infection and misdiagnosis. It is of utmost importance to maintain the awareness of the population of both diseases and to devise strategies on dengue vector control to properly address the infection with digitalization and remote surveillance.Similarly, critical triage algorithms and further research are also needed to address co-infection and misdiagnosis. Management of COVID-19 using vaccination also should be optimized to subside the pandemic.

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“…The emergence of pathogenic coronaviruses in flavivirus endemic populations has created an urgent need for SARS-CoV-2 serological tests, which discriminate between the anti-virus antibodies and accurately assess the seroprevalence of dengue fever and COVID-19 [ 16 , 17 ]. Cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein and dengue envelope protein is indicated in pre-COVID-19 pandemic serum from flavivirus infection; 20% of 19 confirmed Brazilian Zika infection [ 18 ] and 22% of 70 dengue IgG positive travelers from Israel and Italy [ 19 ] show positive IgM and/or IgG reactivity in SARS-CoV-2 S RBD rapid tests and/or semi-quantitative ELISA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Anti-Nucleocapsid Antibody in COVID-19 Patients in Bangladesh Is not Correlated with Previous Dengue Infection

Lytton¹,

Yeasmin

Ghosh

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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Background: The assessment of antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 is potentially confounded by exposures to flaviviruses. The aims of the present research were to determine whether anti-dengue antibodies affect the viral load and the detection of anti-coronavirus nucleocapsid (N)-protein antibodies in coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Bangladesh. Methods: Viral RNA was evaluated in swab specimens from 115 COVID-19 patients by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rT-PCR). The anti-N-protein antibodies, anti-dengue virus E-protein antibodies and the dengue non-structural protein-1 were determined in serum from 115 COVID-19 patients, 30 acute dengue fever pre-COVID-19 pandemic and nine normal controls by ELISA. Results: The concentrations of viral RNA in the nasopharyngeal; Ct median (95% CI); 22 (21.9–23.3) was significantly higher than viral RNA concentrations in oropharyngeal swabs; and 29 (27–30.5) p < 0.0001. Viral RNA concentrations were not correlated with-dengue IgG levels. The anti-nucleocapsid antibodies were IgA 27% positive and IgG 35% positive at days 1 to 8 post-onset of COVID-19 symptoms versus IgA 0% and IgG 0% in dengue patients, p < 0.0001. The levels of anti- nucleocapsid IgA or IgG versus the levels of anti-dengue IgM or IgG revealed no significant correlations. Conclusions: Viral RNA and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies were detected in COVID-19 patients from dengue-endemic regions of Bangladesh, independently of the dengue IgG levels.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 and dengue: two case reports

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Adult: A Case Report from the Maldives

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Adult: A Case Report from the Maldives

Dengue and COVID-19 infections in the ASEAN region: a concurrent outbreak of viral diseases

Detection of Anti-Nucleocapsid Antibody in COVID-19 Patients in Bangladesh Is not Correlated with Previous Dengue Infection

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