CoronaVac induces lower neutralising activity against variants of concern than natural infection

Vacharathit, Vimvara; Aiewsakun, Pakorn; Manopwisedjaroen, Suwimon; Srisaowakarn, Chanya; Laopanupong, Thanida; Ludowyke, Natali; Phuphuakrat, Angsana; Setthaudom, Chavachol; Ekronarongchai, Supanuch; Srichatrapimuk, Sirawat; Wongsirisin, Pattama; Sangrajrang, Suleeporn; Imsuwansri, Thanarath; Kirdlarp, Suppachok; Nualkaew, Sureeporn; Sensorn, Insee; Sawaengdee, Waritta; Wichukchinda, Nuanjun; Sungkanuparph, Somnuek; Chantratita, Wasun; Kunakorn, Mongkol; Rojanamatin, Jinda; Hongeng, Suradej; Thitithanyanont, Arunee

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00568-5

Cited by 76 publications

(81 citation statements)

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“…A reduced inhibition of the interaction between hACE2 and RBD compared to the WT strain and a seropositivity of 64.2% was reported using the sVNT, the lowest across all variants of concern analyzed ( Figure 1 and Table 1 ). These results are consistent with recent reports in cohorts from Thailand and China vaccinated with CoronaVac, in which reduced neutralization was reported using live virus neutralization (fold reductions of 22.1 and 5.7 compared to the WT strain, respectively) ( 24 , 29 ) and also with the reduction in neutralizing responses observed in subjects vaccinated with the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 for the Beta variant ( 4 , 30 ). In line with the reports for the Gamma variant, the E484K mutation found in the Beta variant has been identified as the main mutation responsible for this effect as antibodies bind to RBD with less affinity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Recognition of Variants of Concern by Antibodies and T Cells Induced by a SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine

et al. 2021

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BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible of the current pandemic ongoing all around the world. Since its discovery in 2019, several circulating variants have emerged and some of them are associated with increased infections and death rate. Despite the genetic differences among these variants, vaccines approved for human use have shown a good immunogenic and protective response against them. In Chile, over 70% of the vaccinated population is immunized with CoronaVac, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The immune response elicited by this vaccine has been described against the first SARS-CoV-2 strain isolated from Wuhan, China and the D614G strain (lineage B). To date, four SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern described have circulated worldwide. Here, we describe the neutralizing capacities of antibodies secreted by volunteers in the Chilean population immunized with CoronaVac against variants of concern Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351) Gamma (P.1) and Delta (B.617.2).MethodsVolunteers enrolled in a phase 3 clinical trial were vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac in 0-14 or 0-28 immunization schedules. Sera samples were used to evaluate the capacity of antibodies induced by the vaccine to block the binding between Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) from variants of concern and the human ACE2 receptor by an in-house ELISA. Further, conventional microneutralization assays were used to test neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, interferon-γ-secreting T cells against Spike from variants of concern were evaluated in PBMCs from vaccinated subjects using ELISPOT.ResultsCoronaVac promotes the secretion of antibodies able to block the RBD of all the SARS-CoV-2 variants studied. Seropositivity rates of neutralizing antibodies in the population evaluated were over 97% for the lineage B strain, over 80% for Alpha and Gamma variants, over 75% for Delta variant and over 60% for the Beta variant. Geometric means titers of blocking antibodies were reduced when tested against SARS-CoV-2 variants as compared to ancestral strain. We also observed that antibodies from vaccinated subjects were able to neutralize the infection of variants D614G, Alpha, Gamma and Delta in a conventional microneutralization assay. Importantly, after SARS-CoV-2 infection, we observed that the blocking capacity of antibodies from vaccinated volunteers increased up to ten times for all the variants tested. We compared the number of interferon-γ-secreting T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 Spike WT and variants of concern from vaccinated subjects and we did not detect significant differences.ConclusionImmunization with CoronaVac in either immunization schedule promotes the secretion of antibodies able to block SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and partially neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, it stimulates cellular responses against all variants of concern.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Recognition of Variants of Concern by Antibodies and T Cells Induced by a SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine

et al. 2021

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“…reported using the sVNT, the lowest across all variants of concern analyzed (Figure 1 and Table 1). These results are consistent with recent reports in cohorts from Thailand and China vaccinated with CoronaVac, in which reduced neutralization was reported using live virus neutralization (fold reductions of 22.1 and 5.7 compared to the WT strain, respectively) (24,29) and also with the reduction in neutralizing responses observed in subjects vaccinated with the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 for the Beta variant (4,30). In line with the reports for the Gamma variant, the E484K mutation found in the Beta variant has been identified as the main mutation responsible for this effect as antibodies bind to RBD with less affinity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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“…These findings are consistent with studies comparing different vaccine platforms against natural infection, which indicate that inactivated vaccines induce lower levels of neutralizing antibodies compared to natural infection with SARS-CoV-2, in contrast to mRNA vaccines, which exhibit comparable levels of neutralization, using live virus neutralization (20). In line with this, cohorts from Thailand and Brazil vaccinated CoronaVac exhibits lower neutralizing antibody titers against either the WT strain or variants of concern, compared to naturally infected individuals (25,29). We have previously reported levels of neutralization in unvaccinated and naturally infected hospitalized individuals, which exhibit a robust neutralizing antibody response against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 (33).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

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CoronaVac induces lower neutralising activity against variants of concern than natural infection

Cited by 76 publications

References 7 publications

Recognition of Variants of Concern by Antibodies and T Cells Induced by a SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine

Recognition of Variants of Concern by Antibodies and T Cells Induced by a SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine

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