Coronary thrombosis and marijuana smoking: a case report and narrative review of the literature

Marchetti, Daniela; Ag, Spagnolo; Matteis, V De; Filograna, Laura; Giovanni, Nadia De

doi:10.1002/dta.1898

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…Multiple case reports have linked marijuana to thrombus formation, leading to acute myocardial infarction in young adults [15,[37][38][39][40][41]. The pro-coagulant effect of marijuana is attributed to the presence of CB1R and CB2R on human platelets.…”

Section: Effect Of Marijuana On Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Marijuana on the Cardiovascular System: A Review of the Most Common Cardiovascular Events Associated with Marijuana Use

Latif

Garg

2020

JCM

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With the expanded legalization of marijuana, its medical and recreational use have sharply increased over the past decade. A wide array of new forms of cannabis is available on the market today, and the potencies are ten times those of forms previously tested, meaning that the true impact of marijuana on the cardiovascular system remains unclear. Cannabis mainly exerts its effects via the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, with different doses affecting different cannabinoids receptors. Studies have shown that marijuana plays a role in thrombosis, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Case reports have linked marijuana use to myocardial infarction, cardiac arrythmias, cardiomyopathies, stroke, and arteritis. Most patients are young, healthy men with no cardiovascular risk factors; however, the patient population is expected to change to include older individuals in the future. The widespread public perception of safety accompanying marijuana use has contributed to its increased use among the elderly, who are the most at risk population for acute cardiovascular events. In this review, we aim to provide a basic understanding of the physiological effects of marijuana on the cardiovascular system and to review the current literature regarding cardiovascular diseases linked to marijuana use in adults.

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Section: Effect Of Marijuana On Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Marijuana on the Cardiovascular System: A Review of the Most Common Cardiovascular Events Associated with Marijuana Use

Latif

Garg

2020

JCM

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“…▪ Significant cannabis exposure in contrast to many previously published studies. ▪ Study limitations included that only 11 cannabis-only patients could be identified of the 125 cannabis-exposed patients. ▪ Significant coefficient of variation was found with the biomarker of cardiovascular-organismal age employed; use of an alternative parameter such as epigenetic age based on DNA methylation would allow more refined and detailed studies in smaller patient groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis exposure as an interactive cardiovascular risk factor and accelerant of organismal ageing: a longitudinal study

2016

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ObjectivesMany reports exist of the cardiovascular toxicity of smoked cannabis but none of arterial stiffness measures or vascular age (VA). In view of its diverse toxicology, the possibility that cannabis-exposed patients may be ageing more quickly requires investigation.DesignCross-sectional and longitudinal, observational. Prospective.SettingSingle primary care addiction clinic in Brisbane, Australia.Participants11 cannabis-only smokers, 504 tobacco-only smokers, 114 tobacco and cannabis smokers and 534 non-smokers. Exclusions: known cardiovascular disease or therapy or acute exposure to alcohol, amphetamine, heroin or methadone.InterventionRadial arterial pulse wave tonometry (AtCor, SphygmoCor, Sydney) performed opportunistically and sequentially on patients between 2006 and 2011.Main outcome measureAlgorithmically calculated VA. Secondary outcomes: other central haemodynamic variables.ResultsDifferences between group chronological ages (CA, 30.47±0.48 to 40.36±2.44, mean±SEM) were controlled with linear regression. Between-group sex differences were controlled by single-sex analysis. Mean cannabis exposure among patients was 37.67±7.16 g-years. In regression models controlling for CA, Body Mass Index (BMI), time and inhalant group, the effect of cannabis use on VA was significant in males (p=0.0156) and females (p=0.0084). The effect size in males was 11.84%. A dose–response relationship was demonstrated with lifetime exposure (p<0.002) additional to that of tobacco and opioids. In both sexes, the effect of cannabis was robust to adjustment and was unrelated to its acute effects. Significant power interactions between cannabis exposure and the square and cube of CA were demonstrated (from p<0.002).ConclusionsCannabis is an interactive cardiovascular risk factor (additional to tobacco and opioids), shows a prominent dose–response effect and is robust to adjustment. Cannabis use is associated with an acceleration of the cardiovascular age, which is a powerful surrogate for the organismal–biological age. This likely underlies and bi-directionally interacts with its diverse toxicological profile and is of considerable public health and regulatory importance.

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“…Marchetti et al [53] attempted to find evidence of MI due to coronary thrombosis in an autopsy of an occasional cannabis smoker. They performed a narrative review of the literature to establish when postmortem toxicological tests may support a temporal association between cannabis smoking and CVD.…”

Section: Unknowns Associated With Cannabis Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cannabis on Cardiovascular System: The Good, the Bad, and the Many Unknowns

Dabiri

Kassab

2021

Med Cannabis Cannabinoids

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Cannabis is currently the most consumed illicit substance in the world, and gradual legalization in the USA makes it important to understand the health consequences of the use of this substance. With growing body of evidence that some cannabis ingredients may be beneficial in various aspects of hemostasis, additional research is clearly needed in various clinical areas. In addition to understanding the efficacy, research efforts should also include studies that address any harmful effects of the compounds or administration methods that may result in adverse effects. This review is focused on the cardiometabolic effects of cannabis use. Cardiometabolic diseases are among the leading causes of death in the USA and around the world. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the known medicinal benefits of selected cannabis cannabinoids and the known side effects or contraindications. More importantly, we have proposed new questions and signposts in cannabis research to uncover additional medicinal benefits and identify the health hazards with focus on cardiovascular disease.

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Coronary thrombosis and marijuana smoking: a case report and narrative review of the literature

Cited by 20 publications

References 91 publications

The Impact of Marijuana on the Cardiovascular System: A Review of the Most Common Cardiovascular Events Associated with Marijuana Use

The Impact of Marijuana on the Cardiovascular System: A Review of the Most Common Cardiovascular Events Associated with Marijuana Use

Cannabis exposure as an interactive cardiovascular risk factor and accelerant of organismal ageing: a longitudinal study

Effects of Cannabis on Cardiovascular System: The Good, the Bad, and the Many Unknowns

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