Coronary Heart Disease and ABO Blood Group in Diabetic Women: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Numerous investigations conducted in general population have reported that certain ABO blood group may increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, this association has not been yet well established and even is less clear in diabetic patients. Considering that women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at greater risk to develop CHD and have higher cardiovascular mortality, this study aimed to evaluate the association between CHD and ABO blood group in women with T2DM. A case control study of eight hundred eighty-one (881) diabetic women was enrolled in this study. Among them, two hundred thirty eight (238) patients were identified to have CHD (CHD+) and two hundred eighty two (282) of them were identified without CHD but matched with the first group for other CHD risk factors (CHD−). ABO blood type (A, B, AB, O, and Rhesus factor) for both groups were determined. To compare the magnitude of the correlation between various blood groups with CHD development, odd ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated. Our results demonstrates that the percentage of AB blood group was significantly higher in the diabetic women with concurrent CHD than in those without CHD [30 (12.7%) vs . 13 (4.6%), Odd ratio: 2.9 (95%CI: 1.5–5.7), P = 0.001]. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate that the AB blood group has a higher odd ratio for the development of CHD and can be considered as a risk factor for the development of CHD in females with T2DM. More comprehensive studies are required to confirm these results.

Association of carotid artery disease with ABO blood groups

“…Besides, coronary heart disease was found to be less common among people with an O blood group (15). Compared to the O blood group, A, B, or AB blood groups have an increased risk of coronary heart disease by 5%, 11%, and 23%, respectively (18). The findings obtained in our study appear to be compatible with the literature.…”

“…A, B, O blood group antigens as a potential independent risk factor for atherosclerotic plaque formation. At the same time thrombotic events, high systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and dyslipidemia could explain the relation between ABO blood groups and atherosclerosis (18).…”

Sex-based difference in influence of A blood group on increased risk of coronary artery disease among Chinese adults: a propensity score matching analysis

“…Recently, a case-control study was introduced for the difference, and it has demonstrated that AB blood group has a higher odd ratio for the development of CAD and can be considered as a risk factor for the development of CAD in females with DM [21]. We believed that the association between ABO types and CAD risk might have sex-based difference in subjects.…”

“…Several pathways such as dyslipidemia, coagulopathy, inflammatory response (such as IL10, IL-6, and C-reactive protein), platelet aggregation and PCSK9 probably may contribute to the effect of ABO types on CAD [13,14,[21][22][23][24][25]. Mediation analysis indicates that around 10.5% of the effect of A blood group on CAD is mediated by TC levels [26].…”

Prevalence of ABO-Rh positive blood groups in relation to hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus among the male urban population of Deoghar, Jharkhand: a cross sectional study

“…32 ABO-Rh blood group system is linked to specific molecules in association with type 2 diabetes mellitus as the ABO blood group antigen especially A and B antigens enhances the general body inflammatory state as evidenced by many previous studies as they promote genetic mediation of single nucleotide polymorphisms at the ABO locus which are linked with soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, Eselectin, P-selectin, tumor necrosis factor 2 along with other inflammatory markers which set up an acute phase response with increased hepatic production of C-reactive protein leading to insulin resistance in the liver, skeletal muscle, vascular endothelial tissue along with other sites of a human body and ultimately leading to the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. 33,34 It is worth noting that the search for disease-blood group association has often been criticized as studies on different populations have often failed to confirm initial reports. It is note-worthy yet there lies a large possibility that such inconsistencies are due to vastly different environments in study populations.…”