Coronary circulating mononuclear progenitor cells and soluble biomarkers in the cardiovascular prognosis after coronary angioplasty

Abstract

Currently, there are no confident prognostic markers in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing angioplasty. The present study aimed to explore whether basal coronary circulating Mononuclear Progenitor Cells (MPCs) and vascular injury biomarkers were related to development of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and may impact clinical prognosis. Methods The number of MPCs and soluble mediators such as IL‐1β, sICAM‐1, MMP‐9, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide were determined in coronary and peripheral circulation. Prognostic ability for MACEs occurring at 6 months follow up was assessed by time‐to‐event and event free survival estimations. Results Lower coronary circulating MPCs subpopulations CD45 + CD34 + , CD45 + CD34 + CD133 + CD184 + , lower MMP‐9 and higher sICAM‐1 significantly associated with MACEs presentation and showed prognostic ability; while peripheral blood increase in malondialdehyde and decreased superoxide dismutase were observed in patients with MACEs. Conclusion Coronary concentration of biomarkers related with vascular repair, such as MPCs subpopulations and adhesion molecules, may predict MACEs and impact prognosis in patients with CAD undergoing angioplasty; whereas peripheral pro‐oxidative condition may be also associated.

Adverse Cardiac Remodelling after Acute Myocardial Infarction: Old and New Biomarkers

“…Consequently, advanced HF and progression of AMI-induced adverse cardiac remodelling were related to impaired vascular repair, vascularization, and angiogenesis due to a declined number of circulating precursors and lowered their function and survival [222]. This phenomenon is known as progenitor cell dysfunction and considered a promising predictive biomarker for CV mortality and HF progression and admission [223,224], as well as in patient population with AMI submitted to PCI [225]. Probably, coronary circulating proangiogenic MPCs/EPCs collected from coronary sinus in AMI patients with subsequent PCI can become a powerful biomarker with increased accuracy in the prediction of adverse cardiac remodelling.…”

Relation of Coronary Artery Lumen with Baseline, Post-angioplasty Coronary Circulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

“…As coronary atherogenesis progresses, the atheroma plaque slowly grows within the coronary artery wall, along the local accumulation of a large amount of thrombogenic content, which eventually reduces the coronary lumen and limits myocardial oxygen supply [4]. Atherogenic progression depends on genetics and metabolic components, as well as local coronary factors, such as the release of pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic mediators [5,6]. In this context, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNFα and IL1β have been particularly related with the atheroma plaque and CAD severity [7][8][9].…”