Coronary Artery Ectasia: A Case Report Discussing the Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Al-Zakhari, Rana; Aljammali, Safa; Galligan, Sean; Rotatori, Francesco

doi:10.7759/cureus.14431

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Signs that can be seen in angiography are violent and stagnant flow, including delayed antegrade filling of contrast, a segmental backflow, and local stagnation of comparison in the dilated coronary segment. (18). Ectatic coronary arteries, also known as dilated coronopathy, are a comparatively uncommon angiographic finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiographic Features of Patients With Coronary Artery Ectasia Compared With Stenotic Coronary Artery Disease

ULLAH,

HUSSAIN

2024

Biol Clin Sci Res J

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Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) and coronary artery stenotic disease (CASD) represent distinct pathologies of the coronary arteries with remarkable clinical and angiographic features. Objectives: The study aims to find the angiographic features of patients with coronary artery ectasia compared with stenotic coronary artery disease. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Prime Teaching Hospital Peshawar from April 2023 to March 2024. Data were collected from 185 patients. Patients with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting or coronary intervention were excluded from the study. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, including age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking history and presenting symptoms, were collected from electronic medical records. Results: Data were collected from 185 patients. The mean age of patients in the CAE group was 58.5 ± 8.3 years, and the CAD group was 63.2 ± 7.9 years. 55.6% of the male group was in CAE and 87% in the CAD group. Out of 185, 33% suffered from hypertension in CAE and 81.4% in the CAD group. The most common comorbidity was hyperlipidemia in the CAD group (72.9%). Stable angina was present in 44.4% of CAE and 60.7% of the CAD group. Unstable angina is most common in the CAD group (21.4%), and AMI was 10.7% and 11.1% in the CAD and CAE groups, respectively. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) was most common in the CAD group, which was 75%. Conclusion: It is concluded that coronary artery ectasia (CAE) presents distinct angiographic and clinical features compared to stenotic coronary artery disease (CAD), including localised or diffuse dilatation of coronary arteries, a higher prevalence of silent ischemia, and lower utilisation of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiographic Features of Patients With Coronary Artery Ectasia Compared With Stenotic Coronary Artery Disease

ULLAH,

HUSSAIN

2024

Biol Clin Sci Res J

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“…CAA may also result from apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy secondary to the high-tensile wall. Aneurysm development may occur as a result of iatrogenic injury of the blood vessel in post-percutaneous coronary interventions such as stent placement, atherectomy, and balloon angioplasty (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other common clinical manifestations in patients with CAA include heart failure and syncope (20). If associated cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes are controlled, the progression of the disease can be reduced (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Farrag et al stated that only 16% of CAA patients do not have atherosclerotic lesions, MDCT angiography is an appropriate technique to determine and evaluate CAA morphology, and they think that CAA is an advanced form of atherosclerosis (34). There are other publications in the literature investigating atherosclerotic involvement with MDCT angiography in patients with CAA (12)(13)(14). Besides, we also investigated the vessels in which atherosclerosis is most common in these patients and determined the coronary atherosclerotic involvement as LAD, LCX, RCA, and LMCA, in order of frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ideal treatment for CAA has not been defined yet, but computed tomography angiography, a non-invasive method, is recommended for long-term follow-up (12,13). Coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can also be used for diagnosis and long-term follow-up, but MDCT angiography is considered to be superior (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Aneurysm With CAD-RADS Scoring System Using MDCT Angiography

Şahin

2022

Medical Records

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This article aims to investigate the degree and frequency of atherosclerosis using the "Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System" (CAD-RADS) classification in patients who underwent coronary Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Angiography with a preliminary diagnosis of coronary artery disease and were found to have coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) and also to discuss the predisposing factors, prevalence, diagnostic criteria and complications in CAA with CT images. Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the examinations of 3694 patients who underwent coronary MDCT angiography. We evaluated a total of 69 patients including 23 patients with CAA and 46 patients without CAA, in terms of atherosclerotic involvement using the CAD-RADS classification system and compared the findings. Results: CAA was most frequently found in the right coronary artery (RCA), followed by the left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex (LCX), left main coronary artery (LMCA), and posterolateral branch (PLB). In patients with CAA, the most frequently atherosclerosis observed vessels were LAD, LCX, RCA, and LMCA, respectively, while LAD, RCA, LCX, LMCA, PLD, and PDA were detected in patients without an aneurysm. No atherosclerosis was detected in 5 patients (21.7 %) with CAA and 15 patients (32.6 %) without CAA (p>0.05). Conclusion:The number of atherosclerotic vessels and the degree of stenosis calculated using the CAD-RADS scoring in patients with CAA are similar to patients without an aneurysm. The fact that atherosclerosis is an important factor in the etiology of aneurysms may explain this situation.

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Coronary Artery Ectasia: A Case Report Discussing the Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Abstract: Al-Zakhari et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Angiographic Features of Patients With Coronary Artery Ectasia Compared With Stenotic Coronary Artery Disease

Angiographic Features of Patients With Coronary Artery Ectasia Compared With Stenotic Coronary Artery Disease

Evaluation of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Aneurysm With CAD-RADS Scoring System Using MDCT Angiography

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