Coronary artery calcification as a predictor of adverse outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Kotlo, Srisha; Thorgerson, Abigail; Kulinski, Jacquelyn

doi:10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100288

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…In a retrospective study of 457 individuals without a history of clinical coronary artery disease who underwent chest CT imaging during COVID-19 hospitalization, coronary artery calcification was detected in 42.9% of the patients. The presence of coronary artery calcification was associated with mechanical ventilation ( p = 0.01), ICU admission ( p = 0.02), in-hospital or 30-day mortality ( p < 0.01), and hospital length of stay ( p < 0.001) [ 45 ]. Moreover, a recent meta-analysis that included eight studies showed an increase in mortality in the presence of coronary artery calcifications (relative risk 2.24, 95% confidence interval, 1.41–3.56; p < 0.001) [ 46 ].…”

Section: Atherosclerosis and Cvd As Covid-19 Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease, and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

et al. 2023

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and degenerative process that mainly occurs in large- and medium-sized arteries and is morphologically characterized by asymmetric focal thickenings of the innermost layer of the artery, the intima. This process is the basis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the most common cause of death worldwide. Some studies suggest a bidirectional link between atherosclerosis and the consequent CVD with COVID-19. The aims of this narrative review are (1) to provide an overview of the most recent studies that point out a bidirectional relation between COVID-19 and atherosclerosis and (2) to summarize the impact of cardiovascular drugs on COVID-19 outcomes. A growing body of evidence shows that COVID-19 prognosis in individuals with CVD is worse compared with those without. Moreover, various studies have reported the emergence of newly diagnosed patients with CVD after COVID-19. The most common treatments for CVD may influence COVID-19 outcomes. Thus, their implication in the infection process is briefly discussed in this review. A better understanding of the link among atherosclerosis, CVD, and COVID-19 could proactively identify risk factors and, as a result, develop strategies to improve the prognosis for these patients.

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Section: Atherosclerosis and Cvd As Covid-19 Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease, and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

et al. 2023

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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies versus Vaccination Status in CAD Patients with COVID-19: A Prospective, Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study

Mink,

Drexel,

Leiherer

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Objectives: Despite the currently prevailing, milder Omicron variant, coronary artery disease (CAD) patients constitute a major risk group in COVID-19, exhibiting 2.6 times the mortality risk of non-CAD patients and representing over 22% of non-survivors. No data are currently available on the efficacy of antibody levels in CAD patients, nor on the relevance of vaccination status versus antibody levels for predicting severe courses and COVID-19 mortality. Nor are there definitive indicators to assess if individual CAD patients are sufficiently protected from adverse outcomes or to determine the necessity of booster vaccinations. Methods: A prospective, propensity-score-matched, multicenter cohort study comprising 249 CAD patients and 903 controls was conducted. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-spike antibodies were measured on hospital admission. Prespecified endpoints were in-hospital mortality, intensive care, and oxygen administration. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, CAD patients exhibited 4.6 and 6.1-times higher mortality risks if antibody levels were <1200 BAU/mL and <182 BAU/mL, respectively, compared to CAD patients above these thresholds (aOR 4.598, 95%CI 2.426–8.714, p < 0.001; 6.147, 95%CI 2.529–14.941, p < 0.001). Risk of intensive care was 3.7 and 4.0 (p = 0.003; p < 0.001), and risk of oxygen administration 2.6 and 2.4 times higher below these thresholds (p = 0.004; p = 0.010). Vaccination status was a weaker predictor of all three outcomes than both antibody thresholds. Conclusion: Antibody levels are a stronger predictor of outcome in CAD patients with COVID-19 than vaccination status, with 1200 BAU/mL being the more conservative threshold. Measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in CAD patients may ensure enhanced protection by providing timely booster vaccinations and identifying high-risk CAD patients at hospital admission.

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Coronary artery calcification as a predictor of adverse outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease, and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease, and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies versus Vaccination Status in CAD Patients with COVID-19: A Prospective, Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study

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