Corneşti-Iarcuri — a Bronze Age town in the Romanian Banat?

Szentmiklosi, Alexandru; Heeb, Bernhard S.; Heeb, Julia; Harding, Anthony; Krause, Rüdiger; Becker, Helmut

doi:10.1017/s0003598x00068332

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The shift in settlement networks from the MBA to the LBA is also consistent with disruptions in the organization of settlement systems seen after 1500 BC throughout the Carpathian Basin and Transylvania (see Ciugudean and Quinn 2015; Duffy, Parditka et al 2019; O'Shea 2011; O'Shea et al 2019). The emergence of large fortified sites during the LBA is consistent with the presumed population aggregation and selection of more-defensible site locations seen in this model (e.g., Gogâltan and Sava 2010; Szentmiklosi et al 2011; Uhnér et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussion: Bronze Age Hunedoara Socioeconomic Organization supporting

confidence: 79%

Transforming Legacy Spatial Data into Testable Hypotheses about Socioeconomic Organization

Quinn

Fivenson

2019

Adv. archaeol. pract.

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As archaeologists expand the accessibility of legacy data, they have an opportunity to use these datasets to design future research. We argue that legacy data can be a critical resource to help predict characteristics of sites and socioeconomic systems. In this article, we present a combined geographic information system (GIS) and network analysis methodology that turns site location data into testable hypotheses about site characteristics and the organization of regional settlement systems. We demonstrate the utility of this approach with a case study: Bronze Age (2700–1100 BC) settlement patterns in the mining region of Hunedoara in southwest Transylvania, Romania. We leverage unsystematically collected site location information in legacy datasets to develop testable predictions about sites, regional networks, and socioeconomic systems that can be evaluated through future systematic surveys and large-scale excavations. Such testable hypotheses can inform archaeological research design by providing a quantitative basis for determining where to focus research efforts and can also help secure funding and fieldwork permits. The method developed here can be applied in diverse archaeological contexts to reinvigorate legacy data as part of future archaeological research design.

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Section: Discussion: Bronze Age Hunedoara Socioeconomic Organization supporting

confidence: 79%

Transforming Legacy Spatial Data into Testable Hypotheses about Socioeconomic Organization

Quinn

Fivenson

2019

Adv. archaeol. pract.

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“…Cornesti-Iarcuri in Transylvania represents a new form of proto-urban settlement of a size never seen before or after, that is until the historical period. This settlement, nearly 6 km across (1733 ha/17 km 2 ), had four fortification lines and an inner settlement with a diameter of c. 2 km (Szentmiklosi et al 2011). Magnetic mapping and preliminary excavations suggest a dense and well-organised settlement of urban character.…”

Section: Central Europe and The Eastern Mediterranean During The 13th–1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Connected Histories: the Dynamics of Bronze Age Interaction and Trade 1500–1100bc

Kristiansen

Suchowska-Ducke

2015

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

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The Bronze Age was the first epoch in which societies became irreversibly linked in their co-dependence on ores and metallurgical skills that were unevenly distributed in geographical space. Access to these critical resources was secured not only via long-distance physical trade routes, making use of landscape features such as river networks, as well as built roads, but also by creating immaterial social networks, consisting of interpersonal relations and diplomatic alliances, established and maintained through the exchange of extraordinary objects (gifts). In this article, we reason about Bronze Age communication networks and apply the results of use-wear analysis to create robust indicators of the rise and fall of political and commercial networks. In conclusion, we discuss some of the historical forces behind the phenomena and processes observable in the archaeological record of the Bronze Age in Europe and beyond.

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“…Other researchers have made clear however, that by the Late Bronze Age (c. 1300 BC), the importance of the river network for communication, travel, and trade may have been diminished [35,91]. Late Bronze Age mega-sites such as Csanádpalota-Földvár and Cornești Iarcuri are off the Maros-a major waterway for travel and trade earlier in the Bronze Age [92][93][94]. In the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age, people leave the rivers of the Körös region for higher, drier ground, ending a settlement tradition present since the first farmers moved into the Basin in the seventh millennium BC [91].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

River networks and funerary metal in the Bronze Age of the Carpathian Basin

Duffy

2020

PLoS ONE

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Archaeologists use differences in metals from burial contexts to identify variation in social inequalities during the European Bronze Age. Many have argued that these social inequalities depended on access to, and control of, trade routes. In this paper, I model critical gateways in the Tisza river-a river system in the Carpathian Basin that might have enabled privileged access to metal in some areas but not others. I then evaluate the concentration of metal on different topological nodes of the river network in an attempt to understand what best explains the distribution of metals across this landscape. I do this by describing Bronze Age metal consumption and display in cemeteries from four micro-regions of the Tisza, and compare them with network 'betweenness centrality' values for locations along the river. I find support for the argument that favourably located river nodes had better access to metal in the earlier part of the Bronze Age.

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Corneşti-Iarcuri — a Bronze Age town in the Romanian Banat?

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Transforming Legacy Spatial Data into Testable Hypotheses about Socioeconomic Organization

Transforming Legacy Spatial Data into Testable Hypotheses about Socioeconomic Organization

Connected Histories: the Dynamics of Bronze Age Interaction and Trade 1500–1100bc

River networks and funerary metal in the Bronze Age of the Carpathian Basin

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