Corneal Ulcers Associated with Daily-Wear and Extended-Wear Contact Lenses

Mondino, Bartly J.; Weissman, Barry A.; Farb, M. Daniel; Pettit, Thomas H.

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(86)90210-2

Cited by 119 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…21 The significance of storage case hygiene practise in limiting severe disease would suggest the importance of microbial contamination of the storage case in microbial keratitis. Despite storage case contamination remaining common among asymptomatic wearers, 22 there is evidence that the causative organism can be recovered from the storage case in microbial keratitis [23][24][25][26] A recent study examining non-culturable organisms from the storage case has demonstrated a link between the number of bacterial species recovered and increased severity of keratitis. 27 Based on this evidence, elimination of the storage case via daily disposable contact lens use or elimination of contamination through antimicrobial technologies, easily cleaned case designs, frequent case replacement or simplified case hygiene practise would be effective approaches to limit disease severity.…”

Section: Disease Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact lens-related microbial keratitis: how have epidemiology and genetics helped us with pathogenesis and prophylaxis

Stapleton

Carnt

2011

Eye

227

179

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Section: Disease Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact lens-related microbial keratitis: how have epidemiology and genetics helped us with pathogenesis and prophylaxis

Stapleton

Carnt

2011

Eye

227

179

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“…Adherence also was influenced by hydrophobicity and chemical composition of the substratum, as well as pH and electrolyte concentration. An extracellular polymeric adhesive appeared to be involved in the firm attachment of cells to soft contact lenses.Recently, an apparently increased incidence of Pseudomonas keratitis has been associated with hydrophilic contact lens wear (1,6,12,16,18,19,25). Mayo et al (15) determined that nonmucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from corneal ulcers and home-prepared saline of a patient generally were the same strain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Hydrophilic Contact Lenses and Other Substrata

Miller¹,

Wilson²,

Ahearn³

1987

Cornea

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Nonmucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from corneal ulcers and contact lens cases and solutions were examined for their ability to adhere to polystyrene, glass, and hydrophilic contact lenses of varying water content and polymer composition. Adherence to the various substrates was strain specific. Adherence also was influenced by hydrophobicity and chemical composition of the substratum, as well as pH and electrolyte concentration. An extracellular polymeric adhesive appeared to be involved in the firm attachment of cells to soft contact lenses.Recently, an apparently increased incidence of Pseudomonas keratitis has been associated with hydrophilic contact lens wear (1,6,12,16,18,19,25). Mayo et al. (15) determined that nonmucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from corneal ulcers and home-prepared saline of a patient generally were the same strain. Other investigations have also concluded that lens solutions were probable vectors for eye-associated infections (24,26). Lenses that have been soaked in contaminated solutions may harbor adhered bacteria. Because most contact lenses result in changes in the cornea that could predispose to infection, bacteria harbored on the lens present a risk (2, 24).Few workers have examined the adherence of pseudomonads to hydrophilic contact lens polymers. Pringle and Fletcher (21) reported that a freshwater isolate of P. fluorescens demonstrated decreased adherence with increased water content of a hydrogel polymer used for contact lenses. Dart and Badenoch (4) demonstrated that P. aeruginosa adhering to hard contact lenses showed higher attachment numbers in comparison to soft, more hydrophilic lens material. These and other studies (9,11,13) have demonstrated a relationship between the hydrophobicity of a surface and microbial adherence.A number of workers have examined the adherence of Pseudomonas species to substrata, such as polystyrene (10, 17, 20, 22), glass (14, 27), and stainless steel (23). Bacteria prefer to attach to low-energy, hydrophobic surfaces such as polystyrene rather than to high-energy, hydrophilic surfaces such as glass. Most studies support a theory of "irreversible sorption," which is a time-dependent process, facilitated by the synthesis of an extracellular polymeric material that bridges the bacterial and substratum surface (3,7,8,14).Factors affecting the adherence of P. aeruginosa to contact lenses of varying polymer composition have not been examined. We have evaluated the interactions of eyeassociated isolates of nonmucoid P. aeruginosa with hydrogels under varying physiological and physicochemical conditions. * Corresponding author. MATERIALS AND METHODSOrganisms and culture conditions. Twenty cultures of nonmucoid P. aeruginosa isolated by Mayo et al. (15) from corneal ulcers and contact lens solutions and cases were grown overnight at 25°C on Trypticase soy agar (BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.). Isolated colonies were used to inoculate 200 ml of tryptic soy broth (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.), pH 7.3, that ...

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“…The results suggest that the ocular flora is not much changed by wearing EWSCLs. Therefore, although an association between use of EWSCLs and microbial keratitis has often been reported (Mondino et al 1986;Tsiligianni et al 1989), we do not think that keratitis in these cases is due to a change in flora in the conjunctival sacs. The other mechanisms, for example, the contamination of contact lens (Aswad et al 1990;Fletcher et al 1993;Miller et al 1991;Salim et al 1987), patient compliance, hypoxia (Holden et al 1985), and corneal defects (Klotz et al 1989), might be important.…”

Section: Letter To the Editormentioning

confidence: 64%