Corneal Responses to Eye Rubbing with Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Prakasam, Ruby Kala; Schwiede, Mario; Hütz, Werner W.; Guthoff, Rudolf; Stachs, Oliver

doi:10.3109/02713683.2011.622850

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…In many of these systems, meridional scan images can be used to calculate epithelial thickness via the caliper tool 18,19. However, to produce epithelial topography (thickness profile) continuously over an area covering the entire cornea, dedicated software to interpolate thickness profile calculated from each meridian is required 20. To the best of our knowledge, this is not offered commercially for any clinical imaging system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between epithelial thickness in normal corneas, untreated ectatic corneas, and ectatic corneas previously treated with CXL; is overall epithelial thickness a very early ectasia prognostic factor?

Kanellopoulos¹,

Aslanides²,

Asimellis³

2012

OPTH

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between epithelial thickness in normal corneas, untreated ectatic corneas, and ectatic corneas previously treated with CXL; is overall epithelial thickness a very early ectasia prognostic factor?

Kanellopoulos¹,

Aslanides²,

Asimellis³

2012

OPTH

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“…12 Göz ovalamanın korneaya etkisinin optik koherens tomografi ile değerlendirildiği bir başka çalışmada epitelyum kalınlığı, santral kornea kalınlığı ve bowman tabakası kalınlığının 30 saniye dairesel hareketlerle göz ovalama sonucunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olacak şekilde değişmediği gösterilmiştir. 13 Literatürde OCA cihazı ile göz ovalamanın kornea biyomekaniğine olan etkisini değerlendiren tek çalışma bulunmaktadır. 4 Çalışmada sağlıklı bireylerde her biri 20 saniye süresinde ve 2 dakikalık ara ile tekrar edilen 2 periyodik göz ovalama sonrası KH ve KRF değerlendirilmekte, KH ve KRF'de birinci ve ikinci epizod sonunda önemli oranda düşme olduğu, ikinci epizod sonunda GİBg'de de önemli oranda düşme olurken GİBkk'de anlamlı bir değişiklik olmadığı gösterilmiştir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Göz ovalama öncesinde KRF 10,82±1,78 mmHg (7,2-9,4), GİBg 15,76±3,18 mmHg (7,6-25,4), GİBkk 15,74±2,69 mmHg (9,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)8) iken göz ovalama sonrası KRF 10,54±1,56 mmHg (7,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)9), GİBg 14,32±0,10 mmHg (7,5-24,7), GİBkk 14,20±2,77 mmHg (9,4-26,3) idi (Tablo 1). Bu parametrelerdeki göz ovalama öncesi ve sonrası farklar istatiksel olarak anlamlı idi (p<0,05).…”

Section: Bulgularunclassified

Göz Ovalamanın Korneanın Biyomekanik Özelliklerine ve Göz İçi Basıncına Etkisi

Oltulu¹,

Donbaloğlu²,

Akdeniz³

et al. 2014

tjo

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Amaç: Göz ovalamanın kornea biyomekaniği ve göz içi basıncına olan etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Herhangi oküler ve sistemik bir hastalığı olmayan, 15 ile 50 yaş arası gönüllü bireylerde Oküler cevap analizörü (OCA) kullanarak Goldmann ile uyumlu göz içi basıncı (GİBg), korneanın biyomekanik özellikleri ile kompanse edilmiş GİB (GİBkk), kornea rezistans faktörü (KRF) ve kornea histerezisi (KH) değerlendirildi. Her olgudan bazal ölçüm yapıldıktan sonra 30 saniyelik bir süre boyunca kendi gözünü ovalaması istendi, ovalama sonrası mümkün olan en kısa sürede ölçüm tekrarlandı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde student t-testi kullanıldı. P<0,05 değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 53 olgunun 81 gözü dahil edildi. Olguların ortalama yaş ortalaması 32±10,11 (15-50 yıl) idi. Ovalama öncesi ortalama KH 10,93±1,69 mmHg, KRF 10,82±1,78 mmHg, GİBg 15,76±3,18 mmHg ve GİBkk 15,74±2,69 mmHg iken ovalama sonrası KH 11,11±1,52 mmHg, KRF 10,54±1,56 mmHg, GİBg 14,32±3,10 mmHg ve GİBkk 14,20±2,77 mmHg olarak tespit edildi. KRF, GİBg ve GİBkk değerlerindeki azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olup (p<0,05), KH'deki değişim istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir (p>0,05). ÖzetObjectives: To determine whether corneal biomechanical properties and intraocular pressure (IOP) are affected by eye rubbing. Materials and Methods: Healthy individuals, aged between 15 and 50 years, without any ocular pathological signs were included. Corneal biomechanical parameters, Goldmann-equivalent intraocular pressure (IOPg), corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc), corneal resistance factor (CRF), and corneal hysteresis (CH) values were measured using an ocular response analyzer (ORA). Measurements were taken at baseline and immediately after 30 seconds of eye rubbing. ORA parameters before and after eye rubbing were analyzed using student's t test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We included eighty-one eyes of 53 individuals with a mean age of 32±10.11(15-50) years. Before eye rubbing, the mean measurement values were as follows: CH 10.93±1.69 mmHg, CRF 10.82±1.78 mmHg, IOPg 15.76±3.18 mmHg, and IOPcc 15.74±2.69 mmHg. The mean values after eye rubbing were: CH 11.11±1.52 mmHg, CRF 10.54±1.56 mmHg, IOPg 14.32±3.10 mmHg, and IOPcc 14.20±2.77 mmHg. The decrease in CRF, IOPg, and IOPcc was statistically significant, while the change in CH was found to be statistically insignificant. Conclusion: CRF, IOPg, and IOPcc decreased significantly after eye rubbing and this should be considered before taking any ORA measurements and interpreting the results. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 268-71)

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“…25 For example, increased concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, -5, -6, -8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a, -b have been reported in the tears of patients with keratoconus. 19 The impact of experimental eye rubbing on the biomechanical properties of the cornea, 27 thickness of the layers of the cornea, 28,29 the corneal curvature 30 and tear levels of IL-8, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) 31 have been investigated by a number of groups. There have been no reports in the literature examining the influence of eye rubbing on MMP-13, collagenase activity and inflammatory markers, such as IL-6 and TNF-a in tears.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of eye rubbing on the levels of protease, protease activity and cytokines in tears: relevance in keratoconus

Balasubramanian

Pye

Willcox

2013

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

184

156

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Background: Proteases, protease activity and inflammatory molecules in tears have been found to be relevant in the pathogenesis of keratoconus. We sought to determine the influence of eye rubbing on protease expression, protease activity and concentration of inflammatory molecules in tears. Methods: Basal tears were collected from normal volunteers before and after 60 seconds of experimental eye rubbing. The total amount of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and inflammatory molecules interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a in the tear samples were measured using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Tear collagenase activity was investigated using a specific activity assay. Results: The concentrations of MMP-13 (51.9 Ϯ 34.3 versus 63 Ϯ 36.8 pg/ml, p = 0.006), IL-6 (1.24 Ϯ 0.98 versus 2.02 Ϯ 1.52 pg/ml, p = 0.004) and TNF-a (1.16 Ϯ 0.74 versus 1.44 Ϯ 0.66 pg/ml, p = 0.003) were significantly increased in normal subjects after eye rubbing. The experimental eye rub did not alter significantly the collagenase activity (5.02 Ϯ 3 versus 7.50 Ϯ 3.90 fluorescent intensity units, p = 0.14) of tears. Conclusion: Eye rubbing for 60 seconds increased the level of tear MMP-13, IL-6 and TNF-a in normal study subjects. This increase in protease, protease activity and inflammatory mediators in tears after eye rubbing may be exacerbated even further during persistent and forceful eye rubbing seen in people with keratoconus and this in turn may contribute to the progression of the disease.

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Corneal Responses to Eye Rubbing with Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Abstract: Thirty seconds of circular pattern rubbing over closed eye lids using index finger produce no significant changes on total corneal, epithelial and Bowman's membrane thickness.

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Correlation between epithelial thickness in normal corneas, untreated ectatic corneas, and ectatic corneas previously treated with CXL; is overall epithelial thickness a very early ectasia prognostic factor?

Correlation between epithelial thickness in normal corneas, untreated ectatic corneas, and ectatic corneas previously treated with CXL; is overall epithelial thickness a very early ectasia prognostic factor?

Göz Ovalamanın Korneanın Biyomekanik Özelliklerine ve Göz İçi Basıncına Etkisi

Effects of eye rubbing on the levels of protease, protease activity and cytokines in tears: relevance in keratoconus

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