Corneal Graft Rejection after Yellow Fever Vaccine: A Case Report

Vignapiano, Roberto; Vicchio, Lidia; Favuzza, Eleonora; Cennamo, Michela; Mencucci, Rita

doi:10.1080/09273948.2020.1870146

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“… 5 Only a few cases of corneal graft rejection after vaccination have been described after influenza, hepatitis B, tetanus toxoid, and yellow fever immunizations. 2 , 6 , 7 The mechanism for vaccination-induced corneal graft rejection is not well understood. Although the eye is a site of immune privilege, active ocular inflammation can be a cause of corneal graft rejection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratoplasty Rejection After the BNT162b2 messenger RNA Vaccine

Wasser

Roditi

Zadok

et al. 2021

Cornea

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Purpose: The aim of this report was to report 2 patients who presented with acute corneal graft rejection 2 weeks after receiving the BNT162b2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Methods: Case report. Results: Two men, aged 73 and 56 years, with a history of penetrating keratoplasty due to keratoconus were noted to have acute corneal graft rejection 2 weeks after receiving a first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Both patients were treated with hourly dexamethasone 0.1% and oral prednisone 60 mg per day with prompt resolution of keratoplasty rejection. Conclusions: The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine may be have been associated with a low-risk corneal graft rejection that responded well to topical and systemic steroids. Treating physicians should be aware of this potential complication and patients should be advised to report any visual changes after vaccination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keratoplasty Rejection After the BNT162b2 messenger RNA Vaccine

Wasser

Roditi

Zadok

et al. 2021

Cornea

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“…Our review primarily revealed several cases of corneal graft rejection, both unilateral and bilateral. Corneal transplant rejection has previously been reported-albeit rarely-following influenza, hepatitis B, tetanus, and yellow fever vaccinations [77][78][79][80]. In the setting of this pre-existing precedent, it is not surprising that the highly immunogenic vaccines to COVID-19 present similar risks.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Complications Following Vaccination for COVID-19: A One-Year Retrospective

et al. 2022

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Vaccination efforts as a mitigation strategy in the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are fully underway. A vital component of understanding the optimal clinical use of these vaccines is a thorough investigation of adverse events following vaccination. To date, some limited reports and reviews have discussed ocular adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination, but a systematic review detailing these reports with manifestations and clinical courses as well as proposed mechanisms has yet to be published. This comprehensive review one-year into vaccination efforts against COVID-19 is meant to furnish sound understanding for ophthalmologists and primary care physicians based on the existing body of clinical data. We discuss manifestations categorized into one of the following: eyelid, orbit, uveitis, retina, vascular, neuro-ophthalmology, ocular motility disorders, and other.

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“…The potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying vaccine-associated corneal graft rejection remains poorly understood, although rare cases of acute rejection have also been previously reported to occur following hepatitis B, influenza, yellow fever, and tetanus toxoid vaccination. [41][42][43] Approved COVID-19 vaccines have generally been shown to elicit strong adaptive humoral and cellular immune reactions, including high levels of neutralising antibody titres and Th1-type CD4+ lymphocytic responses. 44 In particular, the Th1-type CD4+ lymphocytes have been demonstrated to be among the primary mediators of corneal graft rejection, 45 however, it remains uncertain whether the development of cellular antigen crossreactivity or nonspecific immune activation might have contributed to the reported cases of vaccine-associated rejection.…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccination and Anterior Segment Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%