Corn Yield Response to Reduced Water Use at Different Growth Stages

Kebede, Hirut; Sui, Ruixiu; Fisher, Daniel K.; Reddy, Krishna N.; Bellaloui, Nacer; Molin, William T.

doi:10.4236/as.2014.513139

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Biophysical stress at different crop growth stages produces different magnitudes of influence on final yields [42,43]. Therefore, the relationship between NDVI residuals averaged over various growth stages and county level corn yields was investigated.…”

Section: Yield-ndvi Residual Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn Response to Climate Stress Detected with Satellite-Based NDVI Time Series

2016

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Corn growth conditions and yield are closely dependent on climate variability. Leaf growth, measured as the leaf area index, can be used to identify changes in crop growth in response to climate stress. This research was conducted to capture patterns of spatial and temporal corn leaf growth under climate stress for the St. Joseph River watershed, in northeastern Indiana. Leaf growth is represented by the Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) retrieved from multiple years (2000-2010) of Landsat 5 TM images. By comparing NDVI values for individual image dates with the derived normal curve, the response of crop growth to environmental factors is quantified as NDVI residuals. Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between yield and NDVI residual during the pre-silking period, indicating that NDVI residuals reflect crop stress in the early growing period that impacts yield. Both the mean NDVI residuals and the percentage of image pixels where corn was under stress (risky pixel rate) are significantly correlated with water stress. Dry weather is prone to hamper potential crop growth, with stress affecting most of the observed corn pixels in the area. Oversupply of rainfall at the end of the growing season was not found to have a measurable effect on crop growth, while above normal precipitation earlier in the growing season reduces the risk of yield loss at the watershed scale. The spatial extent of stress is much lower when precipitation is above normal than under dry conditions, masking the impact of small areas of yield loss at the watershed scale.

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Section: Yield-ndvi Residual Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn Response to Climate Stress Detected with Satellite-Based NDVI Time Series

2016

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“…Of these, maize has been adopted as one of the main succession crops to soya bean planting, playing an important role in grain production systems (Adegas, Voll, & Gazziero, ). However, factors such as lack of water, for example, have limited the productive potential of this crop (Kebede et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, factors such as lack of water, for example, have limited the productive potential of this crop (Kebede et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenological and physiological evaluation of first and second cropping periods of sorghum and maize crops

Barbosa

Kuki

Bengala

et al. 2019

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Environmental conditions influence phenology and physiological processes of plants. It is common for maize and sorghum to be sown at two different periods: the first cropping (spring/summer) and the second cropping (autumn/winter). The phenological cycle of these crops varies greatly according to the planting season, and it is necessary to characterize the growth and development to facilitate the selection of the species best adapted to the environment. The aim of this study was to characterize phenological phases and physiological parameters in sorghum and maize plants as a function of environmental conditions from the first cropping and second cropping periods. Two parallel experiments were conducted with both crops. The phenological characterization was based on growth analyses (plant height, leaf area and photoassimilate partitioning) and gas exchange evaluations (net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and water‐use efficiency). It was found that the vegetative stage (VS) for sorghum and maize plants was 7 and 21 days, respectively, longer when cultivated during the second cropping. In the first cropping, the plants were taller than in the second cropping, regardless of the crop. The stomatal conductance of sorghum plants fluctuated in the second cropping during the development period, while maize plants showed decreasing linear behaviour. Water‐use efficiency in sorghum plants was higher during the second cropping compared with the first cropping. In maize plants, in the second cropping, the water‐use efficiency showed a slight variation in relation to the first cropping. It was concluded that the environmental conditions as degree‐days, temperature, photoperiod and pluvial precipitation influence the phenology and physiology of both crops during the first and the second cropping periods, specifically cycle duration, plant height, leaf area, net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and water‐use efficiency, indicating that both crops respond differentially to environmental changes during the growing season.

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“…Under water stress, stomatal closure occurs to avoid water loss and prevent dehydration (Sperry, 2000) but stomatal and nonstomatal limitations are reported as the main causes of decreasing A under these conditions (Shangguan, Shao, & Dyckmans, 1999). In most drought‐tolerant species, stomata open quickly when water stress is relieved in order to maximize A , thus enhancing water productivity (WP; Atteya, 2003), which is an important parameter that quantifies the capacity of plants to use water efficiently (Kebede et al., 2014). Water productivity is defined by agronomists as the ratio of product (biomass or marketable yield) to the water needed to make that product (Sinclair, Tanner, & Bennett, 1984) or by plant physiologists as the ratio of carbon assimilated ( A ) to water used ( E ) to make that assimilate (Du, Kang, Zhang, & Davies, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown the effects of water stress on corn growth and physiology (Blum, 1996; Kebede et al., 2014; Subrahmanyam et al., 2006). However, little information is available on the physiological responses of silage corn to limited water, especially in semi‐arid conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, water productivity, nutritive value, and physiology responses of silage corn to water stress

et al. 2020

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Water is a crucial factor affecting expression of crop yield potential. A field experiment was conducted during 2014 and 2015 to determine the effect of limited water on growth, yield, water productivity (WP), nutritive value, and physiological parameters of silage corn (Zea mays L.) grown in a semi-arid region. Hybrid 'P8107HR' was planted in replicated plots under 100ETc (100% crop evapotranspiration), 80ETc, 60ETc, and limited 100ETc (100ETc from planting to V9, no water from V9 to R3, then 100ETc again) managed with a surface drip irrigation. Canopy height, leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA), biomass yield, WP, and nutritive value were determined. Photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), and intrinsic WP (iWP) were obtained with an infrared gas analyzer from V14 to R2 stages. Relative water content (RWC) of leaves was determined at V8, V12, VT, and R3 stages. Results showed that canopy height and biomass yield were greatly affected by water stress. Biomass yield decreased by 40% in the limited 100ETc treatment compared to 100ETc, with no effect of irrigation on nutritive value. Water-stressed plants from V14 to R2 were affected in their ability to perform gas exchange and exhibited changes in crop growth and biomass yield. RWC was affected by water stress, mostly under 60ETc at V8 (71%) and VT (78%). Overall, limited water at late vegetative and early reproductive stages affected physiology and yield of silage corn, indicating that irrigation timing is a key factor for optimizing silage corn production in water-scarce regions.

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Corn Yield Response to Reduced Water Use at Different Growth Stages

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Corn Response to Climate Stress Detected with Satellite-Based NDVI Time Series

Corn Response to Climate Stress Detected with Satellite-Based NDVI Time Series

Phenological and physiological evaluation of first and second cropping periods of sorghum and maize crops

Growth, water productivity, nutritive value, and physiology responses of silage corn to water stress

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