Corn Yield Loss Estimates Due to Diseases in the United States and Ontario, Canada from 2012 to 2015

Allen, Tom; Bradley, Carl A.; Sisson, Adam; Byamukama, Emmanuel; Chilvers, Martin I.; Coker, Cliff M.; Collins, Alyssa; Damicone, J. P.; Dorrance, Anne E.; Dufault, Nicholas S.; Esker, Paul D.; Faske, Travis; Giesler, Loren J.; Grybauskas, A. P.; Hershman, D. E.; Hollier, C. A.; Isakeit, Thomas; Jardine, Douglas J.; Kelly, Heather; Kemerait, Robert C.; Kleczewski, Nathan M.; Koenning, S. R.; Kurle, J. E.; Malvick, Dean; Markell, Samuel G.; Mehl, H. L.; Mueller, Daren S.; Mueller, John; Mulrooney, R. P.; Nelson, Berlin D.; Newman, M. A.; Osborne, Larry; Overstreet, C. Michael; Padgett, G. B.; Phipps, P. M.; Price, Paul P.; Sikora, Edward J.; Smith, Damon; Spurlock, Terry; Tande, C.; Tenuta, Albert; Wise, Kiersten; Wrather, J. A.

doi:10.1094/php-rs-16-0030

Cited by 152 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Maize ( Zea mays ) is a key global agricultural commodity, accounting for the majority of animal feedstocks, while also being important for biofuel production, human nutrition, and dozens of industrial applications. Although maize breeding and technology have resulted in unprecedented yields, biotic challenge from pathogens and insect pests continues to cause major losses, with an estimated 6–19% of global production lost due to insects and other herbivores (Oerke, ) and around 10% to diseases (Mueller et al, ). Further exacerbating this problem, abiotic stresses such as temperature extremes and drought also have major effects on yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although maize breeding and technology have resulted in unprecedented yields, biotic challenge from pathogens and insect pests continues to cause major losses, with an estimated 6-19% of global production lost due to insects and other herbivores (Oerke, 2006) and around 10% to diseases (Mueller et al, 2016). Further exacerbating this problem, abiotic stresses such as temperature extremes and drought also have major effects on yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fighting on two fronts: Elevated insect resistance in flooded maize

Block

Hunter

Sattler

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

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To grow and thrive plants must be able to adapt to both adverse environmental conditions and attack by a variety of pests. Elucidating the sophisticated mechanisms plants have developed to achieve this has been the focus of many studies. What is less well understood is how plants respond when faced with multiple stressors simultaneously. In this study, we assess the response of Zea mays (maize) to the combinatorial stress of flooding and infestation with the insect pest Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm). This combined stress leads to elevated production of the defence hormone salicylic acid, which does not occur in the individual stresses, and the resultant salicylic acid‐dependent increase in S. frugiperda resistance. Remodelling of phenylpropanoid pathways also occurs in response to this combinatorial stress leading to increased production of the anti‐insect C‐glycosyl flavones (maysins) and the herbivore‐induced volatile phenolics, benzyl acetate, and phenethyl acetate. Furthermore, changes in cellular redox status also occur, as indicated by reductions in peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity. These data suggest that metabolite changes important for flooding tolerance and anti‐insect defence may act both additively and synergistically to provide extra protection to the plant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting on two fronts: Elevated insect resistance in flooded maize

Block

Hunter

Sattler

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Given human reliance on a few related grasses, genetically encoded mechanisms providing crop stress protection have long been sought 3–5 . In particular, fungal diseases, such as those caused by Fusarium species including F. graminearum, are widely devastating to poaceous crops, resulting in both significant yield losses and grain contamination with harmful mycotoxins 6, 7 . The understanding of innate immune responses, crop genetic variation and endogenous pathway interactions underlying broad-spectrum disease resistance 8 represents foundational knowledge necessary for sustained improvement and crop trait optimization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic elucidation of complex biochemical traits mediating maize innate immunity

Ding

Weckwerth

Poretsky

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Specialized metabolites constitute key layers of immunity underlying crop resistance; however, challenges in resolving complex pathways limit our understanding of their functions and applications. In maize (Zea mays) the inducible accumulation of acidic terpenoids is increasingly considered as a defense regulating disease resistance. To understand maize antibiotic biosynthesis, we integrated association mapping, pan-genome multi-omic correlations, enzyme structure-function studies, and targeted mutagenesis. We now define ten genes in three zealexin (Zx) gene clusters comprised of four sesquiterpene synthases and six cytochrome P450s that collectively drive the production of diverse antibiotic cocktails. Quadruple mutants blocked in the production of β-macrocarpene exhibit a broad-spectrum loss of disease resistance. Genetic redundancies ensuring pathway resiliency to single null mutations are combined with enzyme substrate-promiscuity creating a biosynthetic hourglass pathway utilizing diverse substrates and in vivo combinatorial chemistry to yield complex antibiotic blends. The elucidated genetic basis of biochemical phenotypes underlying disease resistance demonstrates a predominant maize defense pathway and informs innovative strategies for transferring chemical immunity between crops.

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“…Estimated maize loss (in tonnes) due to Stewart's wilt in the USA and Ontario, Canada(2012( -2015( , from Mueller et al, 20162016 https://cropprotectionnetwork. org/library/)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the Panel estimated current prevalence and yield losses due to Stewart's wilt in USA maize on the basis of information available in the literature (Mueller et al, 2016) and online (https:// cropprotectionnetwork.org/library/). This estimation was used for scenario A0.…”

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confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of the entry of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii on maize seed imported by the EU from the USA

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2019

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a risk assessment of the entry of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii on maize seed imported by the EU from the USA. This pest is a Gram-negative bacterium which causes Stewart's vascular wilt and leaf blight of maize (including sweet corn), a disease responsible for serious crop losses throughout the world. The following scenarios were considered: scenario A0 (current practice), scenario A1 (US request for modification of EU conditions for derogation), and scenario A2 (EU conditions for derogation). Results from the quantitative seed pathway model presented here show that, despite the low rates of plant-to-seed and seed-toseedling transmission that have been reported in the literature for Stewart's wilt, given the amount of traded seed, and in the case of voluntary (i.e. not mandatory) inspections of seed production fields at the origin (i.e. scenario A0), the frequency of introducing the disease is in the order of magnitude of some hundred introductions per year (median number). The EU conditions for derogation would lead to a decrease in the likelihood of entry compared to scenarios A0 (about 10,000 times fewer introductions) and A1 (about 2,000 times fewer introductions). This protective effect is mainly due to the requirement that only genotypes resistant to Stewart's wilt are traded, with the additional field inspection (two instead of one per season) providing additional reassurance. The Panel also concluded that seed lot inspections, as currently carried out (e.g. with a sample of 400 seeds) are not likely to lead to a relevant reduction in the level of infected imported maize seed, given the low prevalence of Stewart's wilt at the origin. If, however, there is aggregation in infection among consignments, inspection would work towards identifying the highly infected consignments. Recently, outbreaks of Stewart's wilt have occurred in Italy (Emilia Romagna, Friuli, Lombardy and Veneto). A review is provided of the available information to assess the possible role of seed imports in these outbreaks.

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Corn Yield Loss Estimates Due to Diseases in the United States and Ontario, Canada from 2012 to 2015

Cited by 152 publications

References 9 publications

Fighting on two fronts: Elevated insect resistance in flooded maize

Fighting on two fronts: Elevated insect resistance in flooded maize

Genetic elucidation of complex biochemical traits mediating maize innate immunity

Risk assessment of the entry of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii on maize seed imported by the EU from the USA

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