Corn Response to Enhanced‐Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers and Poultry Litter

Sistani, K. R.; Jn-Baptiste, Marcia; Simmons, Jason

doi:10.2134/agronj2013.0087

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This is indicated by the grain yield of the nonfertilized control, which was 14% greater than that of the nonfertilized control from a similar study in 2012 and 2013 on the same soil type (Venterea and Coulter, 2015). The findings that Sp by itself compared with single application timing, or UI by itself compared with U, did not improve any measure of crop performance corroborate previous results in rainfed corn systems (Jaynes and Colvin, 2006; Randall et al, 1997; Sistani et al, 2014). The current results demonstrate that a moderate (i.e., 15%) reduction in N rate, when combined with modification of application timing and/or N source, can maintain grain yield and improve NS and NRE.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Evaluation of Intensive “4R” Strategies for Decreasing Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Nitrogen Surplus in Rainfed Corn

Venterea

Coulter

Dolan³

2016

J of Env Quality

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The "4R" approach of using the right rate, right source, right timing, and right placement is an accepted framework for increasing crop N use efficiency. However, modifying only one 4R component does not consistently reduce nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. Our objective was to determine if N fertilizer applied in three split applications (Sp), by itself or combined with changes in N source and rate, could improve N recovery efficiency (NRE) and N surplus (NS) and decrease N 2 O emissions. Over two corn (Zea mays L.) growing seasons in Minnesota, N 2 O emissions ranged from 0.6 to 0.9 kg N ha -1. None of the treatment combinations affected grain yield. Compared with urea applied in a single application at the recommended N rate, Sp by itself did not improve NRE or NS and did not decrease N 2 O. Combining Sp with urease and nitrification inhibitors and/or a 15% reduction in N rate increased NRE from 57 to >73% and decreased NS by >20 kg N ha . The only treatment that decreased N 2 O (by 20-53%) was Sp combined with inhibitors and reduced N rate. Emissions of N 2 O were more strongly correlated with NS calculated from grain N uptake (R 2 = 0.61) compared with whole-plant N uptake (r 2 = 0.39), possibly because most N losses occurred before grain filling. Optimizing both application timing and N source can allow for a moderate reduction in N rate that does not affect grain yield but decreases N 2 O. Grain-based NS may be a more useful indicator of N 2 O emissions than whole-plant-based NS. Evaluation of Intensive "4R" Strategies for Decreasing Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Nitrogen Surplus in Rainfed CornRodney T. Venterea,* Jeffrey A. Coulter, and Michael S. Dolan O ptimizing the four basic aspects of N fertilizer management-the "4R" approach of using the right rate, right source, right timing, and right placement-is often recommended for increasing crop N use efficiency and decreasing soil N 2 O emissions (Snyder et al., 2009). However, modifying one of the 4R components by itself may not be reliable in reducing N 2 O emissions, particularly in rainfed cropping systems (Decock, 2014). For example, the use of delayed application and/or split application (Sp) while maintaining N rate, source, and placement (Phillips et al., 2009;Zebarth et al., 2008Zebarth et al., , 2012 or the use of specialized N fertilizer sources (e.g., urea containing microbial inhibitors [UI]) while maintaining N rate, timing, and placement (Parkin and Hatfield, 2014;Sistani et al., 2011) have been inconsistent in reducing N 2 O emissions.The inconsistency of single-modification strategies is likely due to interactions of crop, soil, and weather factors. Recent studies in Minnesota corn systems using broadcast urea (U) showed no effectiveness of inhibitors alone over 5 site-years (Maharjan and Venterea, 2013;Venterea et al., 2011a) or timing alone over 2 site-years . Few studies have attempted to optimize combinations of timing, source, and rate to maintain corn yield and decrease N 2 O. Burzaco et al. (2013Burzaco et al. ( , 2014) meas...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Evaluation of Intensive “4R” Strategies for Decreasing Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Nitrogen Surplus in Rainfed Corn

Venterea

Coulter

Dolan³

2016

J of Env Quality

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“…Although Nelson et al (2009) found reduced subsoil NO 3 -N leaching with PCU, grain or silage yield and N uptake of corn did not show a significant advantage for PCU over uncoated urea in silty loam soil in Missouri. Other researchers have also reported no or small corn yield and N uptake differences between enhanced-efficiency N and conventional N fertilizers (Cahill et al, 2010;Sistani et al, 2014;Venterea et al, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Several slow-and controlled-release N fertilizers have been investigated for their potential to minimize N losses and improve the synchronization of N release and crop needs (Cahill et al, 2007(Cahill et al, , 2010Halvorson and Bartolo, 2014;Noellsch et al, 2009;Sistani et al, 2014;Wang and Alva, 1996). Both slowand controlled-release fertilizers slow the availability of urea to the environment, which can reduce leaching or other losses under some environmental conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Use of Five Nitrogen Source and Placement Systems for Improved Nitrogen Management of Irrigated Corn

Shapiro

Attia

Ulloa

et al. 2016

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Several enhanced efficiency fertilizers (e.g., controlled release fertilizers and nitrification or urease inhibitors) have been observed to improve the synchronization of N availability and minimize soil N 2 O emissions during the growing season (Nash et al, 2012; Halvorson and Bartolo, 2014; Sistani et al, 2014). Nitrification inhibitors function by directly limiting the rate of ammonium (NH 4 + ) oxidation into nitrite (NO 2 − ) during nitrification which subsequently decreases the substrate nitrate (NO 3 − ) concentration available for denitrification (Zerulla et al, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

Urea Nitrapyrin Placement Effects on Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Claypan Soil

et al. 2019

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Corn (Zea mays L.) production in poorly drained claypan soils in the US Midwest is a challenge due to low soil permeability, which may result in wetter soil conditions and relatively large amounts of soil N2O emissions early in the growing season. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of urea fertilizer placement with and without nitrapyrin (NI) on daily and cumulative soil N2O emissions, and yield‐scaled N2O emissions in 2016 and 2017. Treatments included urea deep banded to a 20‐cm depth (DB), urea deep banded to 20 cm plus NI (DB+NI), urea incorporated after a surface broadcast application to ∼8‐cm depth (IA), urea broadcast on the soil surface (SA), and a nonfertilized control (NTC). Fertilizer was applied at 202 kg N ha−1. Surface soil N2O efflux rates were generally lower (<50 g N2O‐N ha−1 d−1) during the first 3 wk after N fertilization and latter parts of the growing seasons. When averaged across the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons, all fertilized treatments had significantly greater (2.33–5.60 kg N2O‐N ha−1, P < 0.05) cumulative soil N2O emissions than NTC. The DB+NI treatment had 54 and 55% lower cumulative soil N2O emissions than IA and SA, respectively. In 2017, DB+NI had similar soil yield‐scaled N2O emissions to NTC. Percentage grain yield increase over NTC was highest for DB and DB+NI. Grain yield in 2016 was 14 to 18% higher for DB and DB+NI than SA. Results suggest that DB+NI is an effective management strategy for reducing cumulative soil N2O emissions and increasing grain yields over the growing season. Core Ideas Deep‐banded urea + nitrapyrin had 55% less soil N2O emissions than surface‐applied. Nonfertilized control and deep‐banded urea + nitrapyrin had similar N2O emissions. Deep‐banded urea + nitrapyrin had a 1.6% lower emission factor than surface‐applied urea. Deep‐banded urea had a 1.0% lower emission factor than surface‐applied urea.

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Corn Response to Enhanced‐Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers and Poultry Litter

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluation of Intensive “4R” Strategies for Decreasing Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Nitrogen Surplus in Rainfed Corn

Evaluation of Intensive “4R” Strategies for Decreasing Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Nitrogen Surplus in Rainfed Corn

Use of Five Nitrogen Source and Placement Systems for Improved Nitrogen Management of Irrigated Corn

Urea Nitrapyrin Placement Effects on Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Claypan Soil

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