Corn cob as a bacterial substrate for the production of forage protein

Perotti, Nora Ines; Molina, Oscar E.

doi:10.1016/0269-7483(88)90157-7

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Although most sugar refineries combust the bagasse to support the energy demand of the plant, excess amounts of this high calorific residue still remain unutilised. Table 1 compares energy, ash and moisture contents, bulk density, porosity, water absorption and composition of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse, as gathered from sources in the literature [4,5,6,7,8,9,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The total annual generation of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse has an estimated energy content of 16 EJ, which represents about 2.9% of the world total primary energy consumption [20].…”

Section: Rice Husks Corn Cobs and Bagassementioning

confidence: 99%

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Muazu

Stegemann

2017

Fuel

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Binders can be employed to improve the particle adhesion, compressive strength, abrasion resistance and energy content of densified biomass, such as briquettes. They may also reduce the energy cost of producing such briquettes, by reducing the compaction pressure, conditioning temperature and the wear on production equipment.This study explored and compared the effects of three different binders, including starch, enhanced treated biosolids and microalgae, on density, durability, energy content and combustion characteristics of fuel briquettes produced from blends of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse, in a multilevel factorial design experiment.Briquettes had relaxed unit densities of 1.9 to 3.3 times the loose biomass bulk density, and were stronger than briquettes from the individual materials, with an average unconfined compressive strength of 125 kPa. An unconfined compressive strength of 175 kPa was achieved for a 2:4:1 blend of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse with the microalgae binder at a compaction pressure of 31 MPa. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the addition of biosolids and microalgae binders significantly improved briquette density, while the addition of starch reduced briquette density, and biosolids reduced briquette strength.Of all the briquettes produced with the three binders, those containing the microalgae binder were found to be most durable, with a higher energy value, slower mass loss during briquette combustion, and a higher afterglow time. Since microalgae may be grown using CO2 from biomass combustion, discovery of their advantages as a binder in briquetting is particularly welcome.

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Section: Rice Husks Corn Cobs and Bagassementioning

confidence: 99%

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Muazu

Stegemann

2017

Fuel

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“…Around 134 Mt of rice husks were produced globally from 671 Mt of rice production in the year 2008 [14]; in the same year, approximately 135 Mt of corn cobs were produced from 797 Mt of corn production [15]. Table 1 compares energy, ash, moisture contents, bulk density and porosity of rice husks and corn cobs, as gathered from sources in the literature [1, 14,16,17,18,19,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. It can be estimated that the total annual generation of rice husks and corn cobs has an energy content of 4 EJ, which represents about 1% of the world total primary energy consumption [30].…”

Section: Rice Husks and Corn Cobsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of operating variables on durability of fuel briquettes from rice husks and corn cobs

Muazu

Stegemann

2015

Fuel Processing Technology

122

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Biomass densification processes increase fuel energy density for more efficient transport.This study presents new data to show that blending different types of biomass improves the properties of densified biomass briquettes. The specific objectives were to investigate the effects of sample batch (biomass source), material ratio (rice husks to corn cobs), addition of binder (starch and water mixture) and compaction pressure, on briquette properties, using a factorial experiment.Briquettes had a unit density of up to 1.9 times the loose biomass bulk density, and were stronger than briquettes from the individual materials. Considering average values from two biomass sources, an unconfined compressive strength of 176 kPa was achieved at a compaction pressure of 31 MPa for a 3:7 blend of rice husks to corn cobs with 10% binder.These briquettes were durable, with only 4% mass loss during abrasion and 10% mass loss during shattering tests. They absorbed 36% less water than loose corn cobs. Statistical analysis of the results showed that starch and water addition was required for adequate briquette strength, but significantly reduced green and relaxed densities. The source of the biomass had a significant effect on densification, which emphasises the need to understand factors underlying biomass variability.

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“…reported that the average yield of corn cob is about 14% of grain yield, which accounts for up to 16% of the total corn stover in a field. The utilization of corncob for animal beddings, as a biological substrate for the production of furfural, as a carbon adsorbent, and for forage protein has been widely studied. Research on corn cob as a source of ferulic acid (FA) has also increased notably in recent years .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of enzyme‐assisted extraction of ferulic acid from sweet corn cob by response surface methodology

2019

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BACKGROUND: Sweet corn cob (SCC), an agricultural by-product of the corn-processing industry, contains more than 80% insoluble bound ferulic acid (FA). Extraction of these bound phenolics can be achieved through chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis; however, the shift towards greener chemistry has raised awareness about the use of enzymatic hydrolysis. In the present study, the ability of ferulic acid esterase (FAE) and xylanase (XY) to catalyze the hydrolysis of FA from SCC was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM), based on a five-level, four-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD), was used to establish the optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of FA from SCC. Sweet corn cob was treated with a combination of FAE and XY at various concentrations (FAE: 0.00 to 0.04 U/g; XY: 0.00 to 18 093.5 U/g), temperatures (45 to 65 ∘ C), and pH levels (pH 4.5 to 6.5). RESULTS: The optimum extraction conditions predicted by the model were: FAE concentration of 0.02 U/g, XY concentration of 3475.3 U/g, extraction pH of 4.5, and an extraction temperature of 45 ∘ C.CONCLUSION: Under these conditions, the experimental yield of FA was 1.69 ± 0.02 g kg −1 of SCC, which is in agreement with the value predicted by the model.

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Corn cob as a bacterial substrate for the production of forage protein

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Effects of operating variables on durability of fuel briquettes from rice husks and corn cobs

Optimization of enzyme‐assisted extraction of ferulic acid from sweet corn cob by response surface methodology

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