Core temperature in the female rat: effect of ovariectomy and induction of pseudopregnancy

Yochim, JM; Spencer, Fitzgerald

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1976.231.2.361

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Such methods have been used to obtain data on abdominal T b in two rat strains. In one case, Holtzman rats housed in standard laboratory cages showed higher T b in the dark phase of E when T b was recorded six to nine times per day (28,34). More detail of the daily T b rhythm during the ovarian cycle was provided in a study with female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of the Charles River strain CD, whose T b was recorded every 10 min (18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ingestive behavior and body temperature during the ovarian cycle in normotensive and hypertensive rats

Rashotte¹,

Ackert²,

Overton

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Rashotte, Michael E., Allison M. Ackert, and J. Michael Overton. Ingestive behavior and body temperature during the ovarian cycle in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 282: R216-R225, 2002; 10.1152/ajpregu.00676.2000.-The relationship between ingestive behavior (eating ϩ drinking) and core body temperature (Tb) in naturally cycling female rats was compared in a normotensive strain (Sprague-Dawley; SD) and a hypertensive strain reputed to have chronically elevated Tb (spontaneously hypertensive rats; SHR). Tb (by telemetry) and ingestive behavior (automated recording) were quantified every 30 s. Ingestive behavior and Tb were related on all days of the ovarian cycle in both strains, but the strength of that relationship was reduced on the day of estrus (E) compared with nonestrous days. Several strain differences in Tb were found as well. In SHR, dark-phase Tb was elevated on E, whereas SD remained at the lower nonestrous values. Fluctuations in dark-phase Tb were correlated with ingestive behavior in both strains but had greater amplitude in SHR except on E. Short-term fasting or sucrose availability did not eliminate elevated dark-phase Tb on E in SHR. We propose that estrus-related changes unique to SHR may indicate heightened thermal reactivity to hormonal changes, ingestive behavior, and general locomotor activity.spontaneously hypertensive rat; Sprague-Dawley rat; estrus; telemetry; feeding; drinking; fasting; sucrose THE RELATIONSHIP between ingestive behavior (eating and drinking) and body temperature (T b ), of interest for decades (1,3,4,15), has been studied in several species. For example, brain temperature in rats and cats begins to increase a few minutes after eating or drinking is initiated (16), skin and liver temperature become elevated during eating in rats (7), and skin temperature in the vicinity of the liver increases in normal-weight humans during consumption of a meal (32). Ingestive behavior and T b have separately been shown to vary across days of the ovarian cycle, but there is no information about the relationship between the two measures during the cycle. The present study, which characterizes the relationship between ingestive behavior and T b in naturally cycling female rats from two strains, provides the first data on whether the relationship is constant during the cycle and whether it is similar in different strains.It is well known that the ovarian cycle influences ingestive behavior in rats of several strains. Daily intake of food and water is relatively invariant on the preestrous days of a typical 4-day cycle [diestrus 1 (D1), diestrus 2 (D2), and proestrus (P)], but on the day of estrus (E) intake of both food and water, it decreases (5, 9, 11, 29, 31). The decrease in food consumption on E is always associated with a decrease in the size of individual feeding bouts, but the frequency of bouts has been reported to increase on E (2, 9, 19, 30) or to remain the same as on other days in the cycle (8, 10). Changes in drinking-bout...

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Ingestive behavior and body temperature during the ovarian cycle in normotensive and hypertensive rats

Rashotte¹,

Ackert²,

Overton

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Temperature recordings were performed with amplifiers (1178, NEC Medical Systems) connected to preamplifiers (2240, NEC Medical Systems), starting 15 to 30 min after the animals were placed in the cages. TST and RT were both measured every 5 min for each 6-h recording session from 10 : 00 to 16 : 00, when the rectal temperature is reported to be stable [13], and their mean values, designated as "TST" and "RT," were calculated for data analysis. To minimize the stress response of the animals to the lightly restrained condition, we made a careful handling and performed two sets of acclimatizing training in the cage at 1 and 2 weeks before starting the experiments (ovariectomy).…”

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Effects of Progesterone on the Elevation of Tail Skin Temperature in Ovariectomized Rats.

Kobayashi

Tamura²,

Hayashi³

et al. 2000

JJP

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Menopausal hot flushes (HFs) are the major climacteric symptoms and occur in most climacteric women [1,2]. This symptom manifests as a transient increase in skin temperature in the face and peripheral parts of the extremities. The cause of the occurrence of HFs is the cessation of the ovarian production of sex hormones (i.e., estrogens and progestins) after menopause; and estrogens, especially estradiol (E 2 ), are considered to be the main factors responsible for generating HFs [3,4]. Thus estrogens are the primary agent for hormone replacement therapy for climacteric women, whereas progestins are commonly used with estrogens for inhibiting the side effects of estrogens on the uterus. However, only a single administration of progesterone (P) or its analogue has been reported to be effective for the treatment of HFs with almost the same efficacy as those of estrogens [5][6][7][8][9]. This clinical evidence suggests that progesterone as well as estrogens may be important for controlling the generation of HFs.By using rat tail, which is useful for studying skin temperature regulation [10], we previously demonstrated that the tail skin temperature (TST) in female rats was elevated after ovariectomy and suggested that this thermoregulatory change, which indicated the augmentation of vasodilatory heat dissipation, was relevant to human symptoms of menopausal HFs [11,12]. In this experimental system, we also demonstrated the inhibitory effect of E 2 posttreatment on the elevation of the TST and indicated the decrease in the E 2 level to be involved in the TST elevation induced by ovariectomy [11,12]. However, because we haven't evaluated the effects of P in this model, we examined the effects of P on the elevation of the TST, starting the treatment just after the ovariectomy. Furthermore, we also examined the effects of E 2 by the same protocol as that used for P and compared the results to evaluate the degree of involvement of both ovarian hormones in the development of the TST elevation induced by ovariectomy. Materials and MethodsAnimals. Specific pathogen-free (SPF) female Sprague-Dawley rats purchased from Charles River Japan (Yokohama, Japan) were used in these experiments. The rats were housed under a 12 : 12-h light/dark cycle with lights on at 0600 h in a thermoregulated room maintained at 24.0Ϯ2.0°C. Humidity was maintained in the range of 55Ϯ10%, and food (CE-2, Clea, Tokyo, Japan) and water were provided ad libitum. A bilateral ovariectomy or sham operation was performed on the rats at the age of 11 to 12 weeks. The experimental protocols were in accordance with the regulation of the Animal Care and Use Committee of our Institute.Temperature recording. Temperature record- Key words: progesterone, tail skin temperature, ovariectomy. Abstract:We examined the effects of progesterone on the elevation of tail skin temperature (TST) in ovariectomized rats and compared them with those of estradiol. Progesterone showed only insignificant effects on the TST elevation, whereas estradiol showed complete inhibition. T...

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“…The smaller (and not significant) peak in basal body temperature at oestrus is more difficult to explain. A small transient peak in basal body temperature also occurs at oestrus in other mammals, for example, rats (Yochim and Spenser, 1976) and wombats (Peters and Rose, 1979). It is possible that behavioural changes at oestrus, such as increased activity, result in higher temperatures as suggested by Peters and Rose (1979) and Rose (1984).…”

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confidence: 94%

The association between basal body temperature, plasma progesterone and the oestrous cycle in a marsupial, the Tasmanian bettong (Bettongia gaimardi)

Rose¹,

Jones²

1996

Reproduction

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Basal body temperature, quantitative changes in vaginal smears and plasma concentrations of progesterone were measured during a number of oestrous cycles in Tasmanian bettongs (Bettongia gaimardi). These methods of monitoring the reproductive cycle were compared in an attempt to find a technique that allowed non-stressful assessment of the reproductive condition of the bettongs. Telemetric measurement of basal body temperature showed that there was a diurnal variation of 1.3 degrees C, typical of a nocturnal animal. During the oestrous cycle, there was a small, but not significant, peak in basal body temperature at oestrus (day 0) followed by a significant trough on day 2. There was a significant increase on day 3 and the temperature remained raised until day 10, during which time plasma progesterone concentrations are also high; the temperature then fell 2 days before oestrus. This fall corresponds to a decrease in concentration of plasma progesterone and in the numbers of leucocytes in vaginal smears. Telemetric measurement of body temperature may be useful as a non-stressful method of monitoring the oestrous cycle in bettongs.

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Core temperature in the female rat: effect of ovariectomy and induction of pseudopregnancy

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Ingestive behavior and body temperature during the ovarian cycle in normotensive and hypertensive rats

Ingestive behavior and body temperature during the ovarian cycle in normotensive and hypertensive rats

Effects of Progesterone on the Elevation of Tail Skin Temperature in Ovariectomized Rats.

The association between basal body temperature, plasma progesterone and the oestrous cycle in a marsupial, the Tasmanian bettong (Bettongia gaimardi)

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