Core Set of Primers to Evaluate Genetic Diversity in Soybean

Abstract

A large number of random primers are available to generate random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers; however, not all primers are equally informative. The focus of this research was to identify a small set of RAPD primers that can adequately describe the relationships among major North American soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.l ancestors and selected plant introductions (Pls). Two hundred eighty‐one polymorphic RAPD fragments evaluated on 35 ancestors and Pls were screened for reproducibility and levels of diversity. Principal‐components analysis (PCA) was employed identify RAPD fragments associated with the largest sources of variation. Hierarchical and nonhierarchical cluster analyses were used to depict the relationships among the 35 genotypes. One hundred twenty RAPD fragments from 64 random primers were highly reproducible and had polymorphism information content (PIC) scores ≥0.30. Principal‐ components analysis revealed that eight components explained 60% of the total variation. Stepwise removal of fragments from individual primers revealed that fragments from only 35 primers were critical to the analysis. The product‐moment correlation of pairwise distances estimated from the complete RAPD fragment data set and this core data set was 0.86 (P < 0.0001). Results from cluster analysis confirmed that this set of 35 primers provides an accurate measurement of the relationships among the 35 genotypes. These primers will be useful for estimating relationships between exotic accessions and the current North American genetic base.

Proteomic and genetic analysis of glycinin subunits of sixteen soybean genotypes

“…A and B types of banding patterns were observed in landrace, ancestral, modern cultivars (G. max), while B and C types of banding patterns were detected in the wild soybean genotypes (G. soja). In previous studies genetic diversity was detected in soybean cultivars with different geographical origins [17,31,35]. In this study we could also identify genetic polymorphisms of glycinin using DNA blot analysis.…”

Genetic diversity in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) revealed by morphological and microsatellite (SSR) markers

“…A clustering of the populations was afterwards performed, on the basis of Euclidean distances between populations computed from standardized principal components scores, referring to eigenvalues equal or above 1 ( Thompson and Nelson 1998;Rosso and Pagano 2005). The clustering process included: (1) five independent runs of disjoint cluster analysis requesting a maximum of six clusters (number of clusters chosen as approximately equal to 10% of the numbers of populations) and using different sets of initial cluster seeds (PROC FAST-CLUS of SAS 8.1), (2) a top clustering obtained by gathering in a same top cluster populations that cluster in the same clusters in each of the five runs of disjointed cluster analysis.…”

Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat Lines Based on Agro-morphological Traits

“…The level of genetic diversity among parents of a cross determines the genetic variance among the segregating populations to be acted upon by breeders to develop better pure lines in varietal development programs. Evaluation of genetic diversity is important to introgress wanted genes from distinct germplasm into the existing genetic base (Thompson and Nelson, 1998) and to predict the response to selection. Information on grouping based diversity calculated from agronomic characters will be useful for wheat breeders to plan crosses in hybridization program to create greater and useful variation for plant improvement (Najaphy et al, 2012).…”