Core Rot Development in Red Delicious Apples Is Affected by Susceptibility of the Seed Locule to <i>Alternaria alternata</i> Colonization

Niem, Jennifer; Miyara, Itay; Ettedgui, Y.; Reuveni, M.; Flaishman, Moshe A.; Prusky, D.

doi:10.1094/phyto-97-11-1415

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Whereas Penicillium was dominant in peel samples, Alternaria was dominant in calyx-and stem-end samples. Niem et al (2007) showed that differing susceptibilities of cv. Red Delicious and cv.…”

Section: The Fruit Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Latent postharvest pathogens of pome fruit and their management: from single measures to a systems intervention approach

Wenneker

Thomma

2020

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Postharvest diseases of pome fruit are typically caused by a wide diversity of fungal pathogens, and the list of confirmed causal agents is still growing. There is considerable knowledge on the epidemiology of wound pathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum. In contrast, knowledge on the occurrence of the different postharvest diseases caused after latent (quiescent) infections during long-term storage and their epidemiology is limited. Well-known pathogens causing postharvest losses after latent infections are Neofabraea spp. and Colletotrichum spp., but in many cases the causal agents that occur in a specific region remain unknown and their control relies on the routine use of fungicide applications. However, due to the growing concern over the use of synthetic fungicides, alternative control measures are highly desired. Over the past years the use of physical treatments, natural compounds, and biocontrol agents have been investigated as alternatives. However, no single method has emerged that can robustly and reliably control postharvest diseases of pome fruit in practice. In this review it is argued to approach latent postharvest diseases as complex problems that require multiple interventions at different stages of the disease process in a systems intervention approach for their control. Such approach requires a deep understanding of the epidemiology of the causal agents in the orchard, fruit defence mechanisms against pathogens, and the molecular biology of host-pathogen interactions in order to develop novel disease control methods in which the deployment of resistant cultivars can be a cornerstone.

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Section: The Fruit Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Latent postharvest pathogens of pome fruit and their management: from single measures to a systems intervention approach

Wenneker

Thomma

2020

Eur J Plant Pathol

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“…Blue mold decay caused by P. expansum is damaging 30 to 60% of cold-stored apples in France, and it is important disease not only in other European countries but also in the USA (Morales et al, 2010). It is reported that Alternaria alternata causes core rot (Niem et al, 2007) and rot around injuries or at calyx (Sutton et al, 2014). The rubbery rot caused by P. washingtonensis is considered as a new emerging disease in Northern Europe, and it is reported to cause rot in up to 10% of apples stored in ULO conditions (Weber, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi Causing Storage Rot of Apple Fruit in Integrated Pest Management System and their Sensitivity to Fungicides

Grantina-Ievina

2015

Rural Sustainability Research

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Abstract. Apple fruit rot can be caused by several fungi. In Northern Europe, the most common storage rot, Bull's eye rot, is caused by Neofabraea spp., bitter rot by Colletotrichum spp., brown rot by Monilinia fructigena, grey mould is caused by Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium rot by several Fusarium species. Blue mold decay caused by Penicillium expansum is an important disease in several European countries. Incidence of different causal agents may vary depending on cultivar, climate during growing season and agricultural practices. The main objective of the study was to obtain baseline information about apple rot-causing fungi, their incidence during fruit storage and to evaluate the fungicide sensitivity of most of isolated fungal species. The study was performed during the storage period of apples after the growth season of 2013. Rotten apples were sorted in the storage and part of them was brought to the laboratory in order to obtain fungal isolates. Fungi were identified according to the morphological characteristics and sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. During storage in February and March the total percentage of rotten apples in various cultivars varied from 3.6 to 58.9%. All post-harvest diseases described in Northern Europe were detected. In part of the storehouses apple rot caused by Cadophora luteo-olivacea was observed. Alternaria spp. and Cladosporium spp. were detected on few apples as secondary infection agents. Using the most often isolated fungal species, sensitivity tests were performed against five commonly used fungicides. In general, the sensitivity of tested fungi to the fungicides was high with exception of several Neofabraea and Alternaria isolates.

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“…There are many reasons for the lower concentration of NEO and T-2 in the cultivar Ralls. First, the cultivar Ralls may have the strong antioxidative activity to avoid the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was confirmed by Niem et al (2007), who also observed the high accumulation polyphenols (e.g., chlorogenic acid and p-coumaric acid) around the core rot of the cultivar Golden Delicious. The polyphenol compound, on the one hand, can act as an effective scavenger of ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Influence of storage temperature and cultivars on T‐2 toxin and neosolaniol accumulation in apples inoculated with Trichothecium roseum

Xue

Tang

et al. 2017

J Food Process Preserv

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Trichothecium roseum is one of the most dreadful postharvest pathogens responsible for core rot of apples. Besides causing economic loss, the disease is also associated with mycotoxins contamination. The effects of storage temperature and lesion diameter on T‐2 toxin and neosolaniol (NEO) accumulation were evaluated in genetically diverse apple cultivars. The results showed T‐2 concentration was much higher in Fuji than that in Ralls, while NEO was only detected in Red Delicious. The room temperature is favorable for T‐2 and NEO accumulation compared with low temperature. We also noticed the positive relationship between the size of lesion diameter and the concentrations of NEO and T‐2. NEO and T‐2 were found not only in the rotten part, but in the adjacent asymptomatic tissue, indicating that the spread of the trichothecenes to non‐infected of the fruits, and trichothecenes concentration showed a trend of decline with increase in distance from the rotten parts. Practical application Trichothecium roseum is one of the most important postharvest pathogens, and can cause core rot of apples. The disease not only causes economic loss, but also results in trichothecene contamination. Storage temperature and the size of lesion diameter significantly affected T‐2 and neosolaniol accumulation in genetically diverse apple. The results showed T‐2 toxin concentration was much higher in Fuji than that in Ralls, while neosolaniol was only detected in Red Delicious. The room temperature was favorable for T‐2 toxin and neosolaniol accumulation compared with low temperature. In addition, the positive relationship between the size of lesion diameter and the concentrations of neosolaniol and T‐2 toxin was observed. T‐2 toxin and neosolaniol were found not only in the rotten part, but also in the adjacent asymptomatic tissue, and the concentration showed a trend of decline with increase in distance from the rotten parts. The study will be useful not only for apple post‐harvest storage and reduce the health risk of exposure to the trichothecenes of T‐2 toxin and neosolaniol, but also provide baseline information for the introduction of EU‐limits for T‐2 toxin and neosolaniol.

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Core Rot Development in Red Delicious Apples Is Affected by Susceptibility of the Seed Locule to Alternaria alternata Colonization

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

Latent postharvest pathogens of pome fruit and their management: from single measures to a systems intervention approach

Latent postharvest pathogens of pome fruit and their management: from single measures to a systems intervention approach

Fungi Causing Storage Rot of Apple Fruit in Integrated Pest Management System and their Sensitivity to Fungicides

Influence of storage temperature and cultivars on T‐2 toxin and neosolaniol accumulation in apples inoculated with Trichothecium roseum

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