Core level photoelectron spectroscopy of LiGaS2 and Ga–S bonding in complex sulfides

A mild biomolecule-assisted route for preparation of flower-like AgBiS2 crystals

“…The S 2s core-level spectrum Fig. 3(d) showed a peak located at 225.06 eV [29]. No obvious impurities could be detected in the sample, indicating that the level of impurities is lower than the resolution limit of XPS (1 at.%).…”

Negative thermal expansion and electronic structure variation of chalcopyrite type LiGaTe2

“…Previously, a similar effect was observed for closely related compound LiGaS 2 . 49 Thus, the Li segregation to the crystal surface may be a general feature of compounds LiGaX 2 (X = S, Se, Te). The ratio Ga : Te = 0.55 is in reasonable consistence with nominal composition Ga : Te = 0.50.…”

“…Comparatively, the BE values obtained for Li 1s, Te 3d and Ga 2p core levels in LiGaTe 2 are in a good relation with the BE values obtained earlier in several other representative compounds. 49–52 …”

“…Comparatively, the BE values obtained for Li 1s, Te 3d and Ga 2p core levels in LiGaTe 2 are in a good relation with the BE values obtained earlier in several other representative compounds. [49][50][51][52] The calculated electronic total and partial densities of states (DOS and PDOS) projected on the constituent elements in LiGaTe 2 are displayed in Fig. 12.…”

Single crystal growth and surface chemical stability of KPb2Br5

“…It is well known that the chemical state of elements in the top surface layer with thickness $3-5 nm is controlled by XPS when Mg or Al Ka sources are used for X-ray illumination [15]. Previously, many nonlinear optical oxide and sulfide crystals were evaluated with XPS and detailed observation of electronic parameters and real chemical state of optical surface was obtained [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. This information is valuable for optimization of optical surface preparation and cleaning.…”