Cordyceps myrmecophila-like fungi infecting ants in the leaf litter of tropical forest in Thailand

Hywel‐Jones, Nigel L.

doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(96)80017-7

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…All known anamorphs of Cordyceps spp. of this subclade are ascribable to Hymenostilbe (Petch 1931a, 1932, 1937, Samson & Evans 1975, Hywel-Jones 1996b. The formation of a Hymenostilbe anamorph, in addition to the character of obliquely immersed perithecia in the stroma, seems to characterize this Cordyceps lineage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Towards a phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps: ITS nrDNA sequence data confirm divergent lineages and paraphyly

Stensrud

Hywel‐Jones

Schumacher

2005

Mycological Research

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The ascomycetous genus Cordyceps accommodates endoparasitic species that attack arthropods or other fungi. Analyses of ITS nrDNA sequence data of 72 taxa from the teleomorph genera Cordyceps, Claviceps, Epichloe¨, and the anamorph genera Akanthomyces, Beauveria, Metarhizium, Hirsutella, Hymenostilbe, Paecilomyces, Polycephalomyces, and Tolypocladium assigned the taxa to four main evolutionary lineages not reflected in the current classification of Cordyceps. Ten subclades were recognized from separate analyses of data subsets. Judged from the ITS phylogenies, Cordyceps spp. with branched stromata were highly supported as a divergent lineage. Host specificity was found to be of limited phylogenetic significance, and several host shifts are suggested to have occurred during the evolution of Cordyceps. Similar ascospore morphology was not reflected in the phyletic groups, and closely related taxa showed large interspecific variation with respect to the number of segments in which the ascospores are divided. However, combinations of selected characters were found to delimitate some lineages, e.g. all Cordyceps spp. that attack hosts in the insect orders Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, and with non-immersed perithecia and clavate to acicular, brightly yellowish to reddish stromata, constituted a separate clade. Furthermore, all Cordyceps spp. with perithecia obliquely immersed in the stroma were recognized as a distinct monophyletic group. This clade is additionally characterized by the formation of anamorphs ascribable to the genus Hymenostilbe. The mycogenous Cordyceps spp. grouped in a separate subclade, interspersed by two cicadaen parasites and all Tolypocladium spp. except T. parasiticum. Tolypocladium and Beauveria were found to be polyphyletic. The included Claviceps and Epichloe¨taxa appeared to be derived within Cordyceps, thus making Cordyceps paraphyletic as suggested in other studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Towards a phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps: ITS nrDNA sequence data confirm divergent lineages and paraphyly

Stensrud

Hywel‐Jones

Schumacher

2005

Mycological Research

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“…They became partially covered in leaf litter and wet sand, which effectively stopped normal growth and prevented successful spore transmission. Ophiocordyceps species that infect insects on the ground release light spores from the terminal perithecium for wind dispersal (Hywel-Jones 1996). In contrast, the heavy spores of O. unilateralis are actively discharged from the unilateral perithecial plate, and this must take place at some distance from the ground to secure dispersal.…”

Section: Host-parasite Niche Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Life of a Dead Ant: The Expression of an Adaptive Extended Phenotype

Andersen¹,

Gerritsma²,

Yusah³

et al. 2009

The American Naturalist

102

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Specialized parasites are expected to express complex adaptations to their hosts. Manipulation of host behavior is such an adaptation. We studied the fungus Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, a locally specialized parasite of arboreal Camponotus leonardi ants. Ant-infecting Ophiocordyceps are known to make hosts bite onto vegetation before killing them. We show that this represents a fine-tuned fungal adaptation: an extended phenotype. Dead ants were found under leaves, attached by their mandibles, on the northern side of saplings approximately 25 cm above the soil, where temperature and humidity conditions were optimal for fungal growth. Experimental relocation confirmed that parasite fitness was lower outside this manipulative zone. Host resources were rapidly colonized and further secured by extensive internal structuring. Nutritional composition analysis indicated that such structuring allows the parasite to produce a large fruiting body for spore production. Our findings suggest that the osmotrophic lifestyle of fungi may have facilitated novel exploitation strategies.

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“…Old literature proposed different generic names for Cordyceps such as Clavaria , Sphaeria and Torrubia , before Link (1833) finally erected Cordyceps as a new generic name. During last hundred years or more, regional exploration of Cordyceps species continued in many parts of the world such as Australia (Olliff, 1895; Willis, 1959), North America (Seaver, 1911; Mains, 1958), New Zealand (Dingley, 1953), Ceylon (present day Sri Lanka) (Petch, 1924), Great Britain (Petch, 1932, 1948), Japan (Kobayasi, 1939a, b, 1941; Kobayasi and Shimizu, 1983), Congo (Moureau, 1962), Norway (Eckblad, 1967), Ghana (Samson et al, 1982), Taiwan (Tzean et al, 1997), Amazonia (Evans and Samson, 1982, 1984; Samson and Evans, 1985), Thailand (Hywel-Jones 1994, 1995a, b, c, 1996; Hywel-Jones and Sivichai, 1995), Korea (Sung, 1996), China (Zang and Kinjo, 1998), and Mexico (Guzman et al, 2001). Apart from the work of Petch, very little work has been carried out on Cordyceps in South Asian region.…”

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confidence: 99%

Notes onCordycepsspecies Collected from the Central Region of Nepal

Shrestha

Sung

2005

Mycobiology

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The present study was carried out to explore the Cordyceps species and other entomopathogenic fungal flora around Kathmandu Valley and a few high altitude locations of Nepal. In this paper, we report eight Cordyceps species as new to Nepal: C. gracilis, C. ishikariensis, C. liangshanensis, C. martialis, C. militaris, C. pruinosa, C. sphecocephala and C. tricentri. We also mention a few allied genera such as Beauveria, Hirsutella and Paecilomyces from Nepal. Further collections from different ecological regions of Nepal will show the richness of entomopathogenic fungal floral diversity of Nepal.

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Cordyceps myrmecophila-like fungi infecting ants in the leaf litter of tropical forest in Thailand

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Towards a phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps: ITS nrDNA sequence data confirm divergent lineages and paraphyly

Towards a phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps: ITS nrDNA sequence data confirm divergent lineages and paraphyly

The Life of a Dead Ant: The Expression of an Adaptive Extended Phenotype

Notes onCordycepsspecies Collected from the Central Region of Nepal

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