Cord Blood Levels of EPA, a Marker of Fish Intake, Correlate with Infants’ T- and B-Lymphocyte Phenotypes and Risk for Allergic Disease

Barman, Malin; Rabe, Hardis; Hesselmar, Bill; Johansen, Susanne; Sandberg, Ann‐Sofie; Wold, Agnes E.

doi:10.3390/nu12103000

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Our results indicated that mothers with higher concentrations of erythrocyte total PUFA, especially n -3 PUFA, have a lower risk of offspring allergy. These findings were consistent with the results of three prospective cohort studies conducted in Sweden and the USA [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. These studies found significant associations between maternal n -3 PUFA and lower risk of allergic diseases in children, and we extended similar findings to the Chinese population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Association of Maternal Erythrocyte PUFA during Pregnancy with Offspring Allergy in the Chinese Population

Peng

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Findings on prenatal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and offspring allergies have been inconsistent, and the majority of studies have focused on Western populations. This study aimed to investigate the associations between maternal erythrocyte PUFA and offspring allergies in the first 2 years in the Chinese population. We included 573 mother–infant pairs from a birth cohort. Based on the outpatient medical records, we identified the diagnosis and time of offspring allergic disease onset. We measured erythrocyte fatty acids by gas chromatography. Associations were examined using Cox regression. We found that higher maternal total PUFA levels (HR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.94), especially of arachidonic acid (AA) (HR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.97) and n-3 PUFA (HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97), were associated with reduced risk of offspring allergies. Similar results were found for eczema. Compared with children without a maternal allergy history, the associations of total PUFA (p = 0.028) and n-6 PUFA (p = 0.013) with offspring allergies were stronger in those with a maternal allergy history. Maternal erythrocyte total PUFA, especially AA, and n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with offspring allergies within 2 years of age. There was a significant interaction between maternal allergy history and maternal PUFA in offspring allergies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Association of Maternal Erythrocyte PUFA during Pregnancy with Offspring Allergy in the Chinese Population

Peng

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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“…We recently showed that farming mothers ate more butter and less margarine during pregnancy and lactation compared to non-farming mothers [ 12 ], and that a high maternal margarine intake was associated with more allergy in the offspring [ 12 ]. We also found that high proportions of the long-chain omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in breast milk [ 13 ] and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the serum of new born infants [ 14 ] and of four-month old infants were associated with a decreased risk of allergy development, although this was unrelated to growing up on a farm [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Umbilical cord blood metabolome differs in relation to delivery mode, birth order and sex, maternal diet and possibly future allergy development in rural children

et al. 2021

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Allergy is one of the most common diseases among young children yet all factors that affect development of allergy remain unclear. In a small cohort of 65 children living in the same rural area of south-west Sweden, we have previously found that maternal factors, including prenatal diet, affect childhood allergy risk, suggesting that in utero conditions may be important for allergy development. Here, we studied if metabolites in the umbilical cord blood of newborns may be related to development of childhood allergy, accounting for key perinatal factors such as mode of delivery, birth order and sex. Available umbilical cord blood plasma samples from 44 of the participants were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics; allergy was diagnosed by specialised paediatricians at ages 18 months, 3 years and 8 years and included eczema, asthma, food allergy and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Nineteen cord blood metabolites were related to future allergy diagnosis though there was no clear pattern of up- or downregulation of metabolic pathways. In contrast, perinatal factors birth order, sex and mode of delivery affected several energy and biosynthetic pathways, including glutamate and aspartic acid—histidine metabolism (p = 0.004) and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (p = 0.006) for birth order; branched chain amino acid metabolism (p = 0.0009) and vitamin B6 metabolism (p = 0.01) for sex; and glyoxylate and dicarboxylic acid metabolism (p = 0.005) for mode of delivery. Maternal diet was also related to some of the metabolites associated with allergy. In conclusion, the cord blood metabolome includes individual metabolites that reflect lifestyle, microbial and other factors that may be associated with future allergy diagnosis, and also reflects temporally close events/factors. Larger studies are required to confirm these associations, and perinatal factors such as birth order or siblings must be considered in future cord-blood metabolome studies.

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“…Results from previous observational studies on the effects of fatty acids in infant cord plasma on allergy development are inconsistent [32][33][34][35][36]. In accordance with our results, we have previously reported that in the FARMFLORA birth cohort, that the proportions of n-3 LCPUFAs in infant cord serum, which correlated positively with maternal fish intake during pregnancy, were negatively associated with infant allergies at both 3 and 8 years of age [32]. In addition, a Spanish cohort [33] that included 211 mother-child pairs found that both DHA and the sum of total n-3 PUFAs correlated negatively with parental-reported atopic eczema at 14 months of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…PGE2 is also involved in the priming of naïve T cells, resulting in the production of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5, as well as the promotion of immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching in naive B cells towards the production of IgE [31]. Results from previous observational studies on the effects of fatty acids in infant cord plasma on allergy development are inconsistent [32][33][34][35][36]. In accordance with our results, we have previously reported that in the FARMFLORA birth cohort, that the proportions of n-3 LCPUFAs in infant cord serum, which correlated positively with maternal fish intake during pregnancy, were negatively associated with infant allergies at both 3 and 8 years of age [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proportions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Umbilical Cord Blood at Birth Are Related to Atopic Eczema Development in the First Year of Life

et al. 2021

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Atopic eczema, the most common atopic disease in infants, may pave the way for sensitization and allergy later in childhood. Fatty acids have immune-regulating properties and may regulate skin permeability. Here we examine whether the proportions of fatty acids among the infant and maternal plasma phospholipids at birth were associated with maternal dietary intake during pregnancy and development of atopic eczema during the first year of age in the Nutritional impact on Immunological maturation during Childhood in relation to the Environment (NICE) birth cohort. Dietary data were collected with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, fatty acids were measured with GC-MS and atopic eczema was diagnosed by a pediatric allergologist at 12 months of age. We found that higher proportions of n-6 PUFAs (including arachidonic acid) but lower proportions of n-3 PUFAs (including DPA) in the infant’s phospholipids at birth were associated with an increased risk of atopic eczema at 12 months of age. The n-6 and n-3 PUFAs were related to maternal intake of meat and fish, respectively. Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to unsaturated fatty acids is associated with eczema development in the infant. Maternal diet during pregnancy may partly explain the fatty acid profiles in utero.

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Cord Blood Levels of EPA, a Marker of Fish Intake, Correlate with Infants’ T- and B-Lymphocyte Phenotypes and Risk for Allergic Disease

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Association of Maternal Erythrocyte PUFA during Pregnancy with Offspring Allergy in the Chinese Population

Association of Maternal Erythrocyte PUFA during Pregnancy with Offspring Allergy in the Chinese Population

Umbilical cord blood metabolome differs in relation to delivery mode, birth order and sex, maternal diet and possibly future allergy development in rural children

Proportions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Umbilical Cord Blood at Birth Are Related to Atopic Eczema Development in the First Year of Life

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