Cord blood cytokines are modulated by maternal farming activities and consumption of farm dairy products during pregnancy: The PASTURE Study

Pfefferle, Petra Ina; Büchele, Gisela; Blümer, Nicole; Roponen, Marjut; Ege, Markus; Krauss‐Etschmann, Susanne; Genuneit, Jon; Hyvärinen, Anne; Hirvonen, Maija-Riitta; Lauener, Roger; Pekkanen, Juha; Riedler, Josef; Dalphin, Jean Charles; Brunekeef, Bert; Braun‐Fahrländer, Charlotte; Mutius, Erika von; Renz, Harald

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.09.019

Cited by 159 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Maternal farm exposure during pregnancy is believed to shape the immune system of the offspring, either by increasing regulatory T-cell numbers and enhancing their function in infants (38) or by increasing the levels of cord blood proinflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-g and tumor necrosis factor-a (39). The diversity of microbial exposure is inversely related to asthma development (8).…”

Section: Environmental Microbiome In Lung Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome and the Lung

Cui

Morris²,

Huang

et al. 2014

Annals ATS

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Section: Environmental Microbiome In Lung Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome and the Lung

Cui

Morris²,

Huang

et al. 2014

Annals ATS

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“…Results using objective assessment of indoor bio-contaminants in this environment enable us to highlight several candidates that could be responsible for this effect during the first years of life, a period that has been suggested to be crucial in the protective effect of the farming environment [141]. In the framework of the Prevention of Allergy-Risk Factors for Sensitization Related to Farming and Anthroposophic Lifestyle (PARSIFAL) study including five European countries, dust samples from mothers' mattresses were collected just after childbirth [150]. Only weak associations were found between endotoxins and extracellular polysaccharides concentrations and pro-inflammatory cytokines concentrations in cord blood.…”

Section: In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory health and indoor air pollutants based on quantitative exposure assessments

et al. 2012

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We reviewed the main epidemiological studies that evaluate the respiratory effects of indoor air pollutants quantitatively in industrialised countries. Consistent results support short-term (aggravation) and, although more rarely, long-term (prevalence augmentation) effects on asthma, chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in indoor settings with poor air quality. Environmental tobacco smoke is one of the most important risks for respiratory symptoms and diseases worldwide. The evidence is also reliable for indoor nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter, which have been associated with asthma, bronchitis and COPD. Whereas formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds seem to be the main pollutants in indoor settings, relevant papers on their respiratory effects are still scarce, and limited to asthma and bronchitis. Moulds have been associated with an increased risk of asthma and COPD. Contradictory results have been found between endotoxins and asthma. The role of phthalates, persistent organic pollutants and flame retardants in respiratory diseases remains to be established. Results from rural areas of industrialised countries indicate that exposure to some indoor bio-contaminants might be protective in early life, while it is associated with adverse respiratory adverse effects in adulthood. Studies focusing on indoor air pollutants should be developed to better understand their involvement in the inception and aggravation of respiratory diseases.

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“…11 In farm studies, contact with multiple animal species during pregnancy is positively correlated to Treg cell function and IFN-c production at birth and with innate immune receptor expression at birth and during childhood. 13,25,42,59,60 A failure of Th2 silencing during maturation of the immune system may underlie development of Th2-mediated allergic disease. 61 Appropriate microbial stimulation, both pre-and post-natally, may be required to avoid this pathophysiological process.…”

Section: The Role Of Maternal Microbial Exposure and Immune Regulatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Immune Maturation and Allergy Development: Regulation by Maternal Immunity and Microbial Exposure

Jenmalm

2011

American J Rep Immunol

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Citation Jenmalm MC. Childhood Immune Maturation and Allergy Development: Regulation by Maternal Immunity and Microbial Exposure. Am J Reprod Immunol 2011; 66 (Suppl. 1): 75–80Problem The increasing allergy prevalence in affluent countries may be caused by reduced microbial stimulation, resulting in an abnormal post‐natal immune maturation. Most studies investigating the underlying mechanisms have focused on post‐natal microbial exposure. Also, the maternal microbial environment during pregnancy may program the immune development of the child, however.Method of study This review focuses on how maternal immunity and microbial exposures regulate childhood immune and allergy development.Results Prenatal environmental exposures may alter gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms, aiming to induce physiological adaptations to the anticipated post‐natal environment, but potentially also increasing disease susceptibility in the offspring. Although the importance of fetal programming mostly has been studied in cardiovascular and metabolic disease, this hypothesis is also very attractive in the context of environmentally influenced immune‐mediated diseases.Conclusion Efficacious preventive measures, required to combat the allergy epidemic, may be identified by determining how the immune interaction between mother and child is influenced by microbial factors.

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Cord blood cytokines are modulated by maternal farming activities and consumption of farm dairy products during pregnancy: The PASTURE Study

Cited by 159 publications

References 42 publications

The Microbiome and the Lung

The Microbiome and the Lung

Respiratory health and indoor air pollutants based on quantitative exposure assessments

Childhood Immune Maturation and Allergy Development: Regulation by Maternal Immunity and Microbial Exposure

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