Cord Blood Adipocytokines and Body Composition in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic. Early identification of high-risk groups will allow for the development of prevention strategies. Cord blood adipocytokines have been previously examined as biomarkers predicting future obesity. We conducted a systematic review looking at the association between cord blood leptin and adiponectin with adiposity up to 5 years of age. A literature review was performed between January 1994 and August 2020 using two bibliographic databases (Medline/Pubmed and EMBASE) and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42017069024). Studies using skinfold thickness and direct methods of assessing body composition in full term neonates were considered. Partial correlation and multiple regression models were used to present the results. Meta-analysis was performed, were possible, using a random effects model. Cochran’s Q test was used to assess heterogeneity and I2 statistics to calculate the percentage of variation across studies. The potential for publication bias was assessed using funnel plots. Data from 22 studies were retrieved and reviewed by two independent reviewers. Cord blood leptin was positively associated with adiposity at birth (r = 0.487; 95% CI: 0.444, 0.531) but was inversely related to adiposity up to 3 years of age. The association was not sustained at 5 years. There was a weak positive association between adiponectin in cord blood and adiposity at birth (r = 0.201; 95% CI: 0.125, 0.277). No correlation was found between cord blood adiponectin in young children, but data were limited. This review supports that cord blood leptin and adiponectin are associated with adiposity at birth. The results of this study provide insight into the role of adipocytokines at birth on future metabolic health and their potential use as risk stratification tools.

Особенности Содержания Висфатина Илептина У Крупновесных К Сроку Гестации Новорожденных И Их Матерей

“…Уровни лептина у новорожденного достоверно коррелируют с жировой массой тела при рождении [11,12]. Согласно данным метаанализа 22 исследований лептин пуповинной крови доношенных новорожденных положительно связан с массой тела при рождении (r=0,487; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 0,444−0,531), но обратно пропорционален избытку массы тела до 3 лет [13]. Авторами проведенного метаанализа сделано заключение о потенциальном использовании адипоцитокинов при рождении в качестве инструмента стратификации риска ожирения.…”

“…3 и 4. Содержание лептина пуповинной крови крупновесных новорожденных значимо превышало аналогичный показатель детей группы сравнения и составило 13,10 [6,40; 28,84] нг/мл в Гр1 и 5,04 [3,80; 10,00] нг/мл в Гр2, р=0,006, что согласуется с результатами исследования других авторов [12,13]. Содержание висфатина пуповинной крови не имело значимых различий и составило 10,25 [9,20; 14,00] Крупновесные к сроку гестации новорожденные были разделены на 2 подгруппы: Гр1а (n=18/30, 60,0%) -от матерей c нормальным прегравидарным ИМТ, Гр1б (n=12/30, 40,0%) -от матерей с прегравидарными ожирением или избытком массы тела.…”

Leptin Levels of the Perinatal Period Shape Offspring’s Weight Trajectories through the First Year of Age

“…In particular, the interplay between maternal and fetal leptin concentration might anticipate the aptitude to develop metabolic diseases in adulthood. Furthermore, maternal plasma, cord blood, and breast milk leptin concentrations from birth and during the first years of life seem good predictors of growth outline later in life [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

The effect of insulin, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin levels in cord blood on growth in the first two years

“…Cord blood adipocytokines such as leptin and adiponectin are used as objective markers to predict future obesity. [3] The main axis in the regulation of fetal growth is glucose-insulin-insulin-like growth factor-1. [4] During pregnancy, leptin levels also regulate fetal growth and development.…”