Coral transplantation on a multilevel substrate of Artificial Patch Reefs: effect of fixing methods on the growth rate of two Acropora species

Abstract

Abstract. Munasik, Sabdono A, Assyfa AN, Wijayanti DP, Sugiyanto, Irwani, Pribadi R. 2020. Coral transplantation on a multilevel substrate of Artificial Patch Reefs: effect of fixing methods on the growth rate of two Acropora species. Biodiversitas 21: 1816-1822. Branching Acropora is generally used in coral transplantation to rehabilitate coral reefs. However, these corals are sensitive to environmental changes. Artificial Patch Reef (APR) is an artificial structure that provides a multilevel hard substrate. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of the APR structure to facilitate the growth and survival of Acropora branching. Two species Acropora aspera and Acropora copiosa were transplanted vertically and horizontally on a modular concrete block in different levels of APR situated in the shallow reef of Panjang Island, Central Java. The results showed that the coral growth rate varied from 96.7 to 346.9 cm3/month, while survival ranged from 30 to 100% after 8 months. Lower survival rate mostly was found in the upper level of APR. The statistical analyses showed that the growth rate of A. copiosa fragment was significantly higher than that of A. aspera (p<0.05). Moreover, there were also significant differences in the treatments of transplantation method (p<0.05) to enhance coral growth. However, multilevel substrates were not significantly influenced by coral growth. This study suggested that A. copiosa which has high-level complexity in branching pattern will be selected to apply in shallow reef rehabilitation with transplanted vertically.

Bioecology of coral reef in Panjang Island of Central Java Indonesia

“…The study was conducted in the waters of Panjang Island, Java Sea, about 1,5 nautical miles or 2,8 Km from the mainland of Jepara (Suraji et al, 2015;Munasik et al, 2020). Panjang Island is located on the north coast of Central Java in the position of 110°37'30"-110°38'0" East Longitude and 6°34'15"-6°34'45" South Latitude.…”

“…Understanding the biology of corals and different sources of disturbance were needed to understand coral reefs resilience (Osborne et al, 2011). Panjang Island is a small island surrounded by coral reefs (Munasik et al, 2020). Preliminary identification of bioecology of coral reef in Panjang Island has been conducted by Suryono et al (2017), and reported that the biology aspect of corals in terms of coral cover was in the medium category, and suspected that due to many stressors that caused degradation of coral reefs.…”

Hidrodinamika Gelombang pada Terumbu Karang di Pulau Panjang, Jepara

“…Data primer gelombang yang diukur meliputi tinggi, periode dan arah gelombang yang diukur pada 14 stasion terumbu karang di perairan Pulau Panjang. Pulau Panjang adalah pulau karang kecil yang yang terletak 1,5 mil laut atau 2,8 Km di sebelah barat kota Jepara, berada pada posisisi S 6°34.397' E 110°37.87) dikenal sebagai daerah tujuan wisata yang dikelilingi terumbu karang (Edinger et al, 2000Suraji et al, 2015Munasik et al, 2020). Lokasi sebaran terumbu karang diperairan Pulau Panjang dapat dilihat pada Gambar 1.…”

Coral diversity on artificial reef from coconut shells in northern Bali, Indonesia

“…The distribution patterns of coral species in particularly hard coral (Scleractinian) and community structure at two locations are generally relatively similar because the area is homogeneous as same as in the Komodo Archipelago also in the Lesser Sunda Island chain, Indonesia (Fox 2004;Turak and DeVantier 2012). Corals of the Acropora genus grow fastest and develop on some artificial reefs by transplantation methods (Bongiorni et al 2011;Munasik et al 2020). Likewise, on artificial reefs biorock there were deployed in the waters of Buleleng which dominate by Acropora branching (Arifin et al 2017) and same as in bioreeftek in NR, Pemuteran and AT, Lovina which is dominated by the genus Porites, Pocillopora dan Acropora.…”