Coral Bleaching Susceptibility Is Predictive of Subsequent Mortality Within but Not Between Coral Species

Matsuda, Shayle B.; Huffmyer, Ariana S.; Lenz, Elizabeth A.; Davidson, Jennifer; Hancock, Joshua R.; Przybylowski, Ariana; Innis, Teegan; Gates, Ruth D.; Barott, Katie L.

doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.00178

Cited by 45 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…Climate change and ocean acidification will likely transform coral communities leaving only the most resistant species (Hughes et al, 2018) and individuals (Matsuda et al, 2020). Natural analogues such as CO 2 seeps can reveal ecological shifts in the composition of coral communities and highlight which physiological traits are associated with a higher resistance to ocean acidification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater Mitochondrial Energy Production Provides Resistance to Ocean Acidification in “Winning” Hermatypic Corals

et al. 2021

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Coral communities around the world are projected to be negatively affected by ocean acidification. Not all coral species will respond in the same manner to rising CO2 levels. Evidence from naturally acidified areas such as CO2 seeps have shown that although a few species are resistant to elevated CO2, most lack sufficient resistance resulting in their decline. This has led to the simple grouping of coral species into “winners” and “losers,” but the physiological traits supporting this ecological assessment are yet to be fully understood. Here using CO2 seeps, in two biogeographically distinct regions, we investigated whether physiological traits related to energy production [mitochondrial electron transport systems (ETSAs) activities] and biomass (protein contents) differed between winning and losing species in order to identify possible physiological traits of resistance to ocean acidification and whether they can be acquired during short-term transplantations. We show that winning species had a lower biomass (protein contents per coral surface area) resulting in a higher potential for energy production (biomass specific ETSA: ETSA per protein contents) compared to losing species. We hypothesize that winning species inherently allocate more energy toward inorganic growth (calcification) compared to somatic (tissue) growth. In contrast, we found that losing species that show a higher biomass under reference pCO2 experienced a loss in biomass and variable response in area-specific ETSA that did not translate in an increase in biomass-specific ETSA following either short-term (4–5 months) or even life-long acclimation to elevated pCO2 conditions. Our results suggest that resistance to ocean acidification in corals may not be acquired within a single generation or through the selection of physiologically resistant individuals. This reinforces current evidence suggesting that ocean acidification will reshape coral communities around the world, selecting species that have an inherent resistance to elevated pCO2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater Mitochondrial Energy Production Provides Resistance to Ocean Acidification in “Winning” Hermatypic Corals

et al. 2021

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“…These energetic or functional deficits during recovery from bleaching can increase coral susceptibility to subsequent stressors, including but not limited to temperature, disease, competition, and ocean acidification (Brown et al, 2019;Muller et al, 2018;Ward et al, 2000). Short intervals between heatwaves can also change the relative performance between coral species, as differential investments in resistance versus recovery strategies (e.g., Matsuda et al, 2020) may enable some species to withstand single but not repeat bleaching events (Grottoli et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine heatwaves depress metabolic activity and impair cellular acid–base homeostasis in reef‐building corals regardless of bleaching susceptibility

Innis

Allen-Waller

Brown

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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“…M. capitata is one of the dominant reef builders in Kāne'ohe Bay (Bahr et al 2015a) and harbors symbionts of the genera Cladocopium (bleaching susceptible) and/or Durusdinium (bleaching resistant) (Rowan 2004;Cunning et al 2016;Innis et al 2018). During the 2015 bleaching event, immediately adjacent pairs of M. capitata colonies where one colony bleached and the other did not were tagged based on their observed bleaching phenotype (Cunning et al 2016;Matsuda et al 2020) A subset of these tagged colonies represent distinct genotypes (Drury unpublished data). Using this unique framework of known historical bleaching phenotype and host genotype, we 1) examine the effectiveness of different temperature profiles in inducing an acclimatization response in M. capitata, 2) determine whether the effects of these profiles can persist throughout the natural warming season in Kāne'ohe Bay, and 3) examine the contribution of temperature treatment, host genotype, and historical phenotype to the thermal stress response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host genotype and stable differences in algal symbiont communities explain patterns of thermal stress response ofMontipora capitatafollowing thermal pre-exposure and across multiple bleaching events

Dilworth

Caruso

Kahkejian

et al. 2020

Preprint

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As sea surface temperatures increase worldwide due to climate change, coral bleaching events are becoming more frequent and severe, resulting in reef degradation. Leveraging the inherent ability of reef-building corals to acclimatize to thermal stress via pre-exposure to protective temperature treatments may become an important tool in improving the resilience of coral reefs to rapid environmental change. We investigated whether historical bleaching phenotype, coral host genotype, and exposure to protective temperature treatments would affect the response of the Hawaiian coral Montipora capitata to natural thermal stress. Fragments were collected from colonies that demonstrated different bleaching responses during the 2014-2015 event in Kāne’ohe Bay (O’ahu, Hawai’i) and exposed to four different artificial temperature pre-treatments (and a control at ambient temperature). After recovery, fragments experienced a natural thermal stress event either in laboratory conditions or their native reef environment. Response to thermal stress was quantified by measuring changes in the algal symbionts’ photochemical efficiency, community composition, and relative density. Historical bleaching phenotype was reflected in stable differences in symbiont community composition, with historically bleached corals containing only Cladocopium symbionts and historically non-bleached corals having mixed symbiont communities dominated by Durusdinium. Mixed-community corals lost more Cladocopium than Cladocopium-only corals during the natural thermal stress event, and preferentially recovered with Durusdinium. Laboratory pre-treatments exposed corals to more thermal stress than anticipated, causing photochemical damage that varied significantly by genotype. While none of the treatments had a protective effect, temperature variation during treatments had a significant detrimental effect on photochemical efficiency during the thermal stress event. These results show that acclimatization potential is affected by fine-scale differences in temperature regime, host genotype, and relatively stable differences in symbiont community composition that underpin historical bleaching phenotypes in M. capitata.

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Coral Bleaching Susceptibility Is Predictive of Subsequent Mortality Within but Not Between Coral Species

Cited by 45 publications

References 80 publications

Greater Mitochondrial Energy Production Provides Resistance to Ocean Acidification in “Winning” Hermatypic Corals

Greater Mitochondrial Energy Production Provides Resistance to Ocean Acidification in “Winning” Hermatypic Corals

Marine heatwaves depress metabolic activity and impair cellular acid–base homeostasis in reef‐building corals regardless of bleaching susceptibility

Host genotype and stable differences in algal symbiont communities explain patterns of thermal stress response ofMontipora capitatafollowing thermal pre-exposure and across multiple bleaching events

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