Coprogen, the Isolation of a New Growth Factor Required by Pilobolus Species

Pidacks, C.; Whitehill, A. R.; Pruess, L. M.; Hesseltine, C. W.; Hutchings, B. L.; Bohonos, N.; Williams, Joseph H.

doi:10.1021/ja01119a529

Cited by 32 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…We have confirmed this finding, following the growth and isolation procedures described by Zahner et al (23). The crude coprogen was further purified by chromatography on Celite 545 (Johns-Manville Co.) as described by Pidacks et al (16). Purified coprogen is fully active in the GF assay ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of the conidial germination factor of Neurospora crassa

Horowitz

Charlang²,

Horn³

et al. 1976

J Bacteriol

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The germination-essential substance (germination factor [GF]) that is lost from conidia of Neurospora crassa on exposure to solutions of low water activity has been isolated and identified as a group of iron-transport compounds, or siderochromes. The principal siderochrome of conidia is ferricrocin, a cyclic hexapeptide. A closely related substance, ferrichrome C, is tentatively identified as a minor constituent. The same substances are also present in extracts of mycelium along with small amounts of a third siderochrome, which has not been identified. The GF activity of culture filtrates is due to coprogen, the only siderochrome previously identified with N. crassa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of the conidial germination factor of Neurospora crassa

Horowitz

Charlang²,

Horn³

et al. 1976

J Bacteriol

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“…They chose to work with a material from a species of Penicillium in order to generate enough growth factor to study chemically. A purified product was shown to contain iron and they reasoned that the growth‐stimulating compound was a metalloporphyrin, certain of which were known bacterial growth factors [33]. They did show, however, that the compound was not heme [33].…”

Section: Siderophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A purified product was shown to contain iron and they reasoned that the growth‐stimulating compound was a metalloporphyrin, certain of which were known bacterial growth factors [33]. They did show, however, that the compound was not heme [33]. The exact chemical structure was determined several years afterwards from a sample from Neurospora crassa [5].…”

Section: Siderophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron gathering by zoopathogenic fungi

Howard

2004

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

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Iron is a metal required by most microorganisms and is prominently used in the transfer of electrons during metabolism. The gathering of iron is, then, an essential process and its fulfillment becomes a crucial pathogenetic event for zoopathogenic fungi. Iron is rather unavailable because it occurs on the earth's surface in its insoluble ferric form in oxides and hydroxides. In the infected host iron is bound to proteins such as transferrin and ferritin. Solubilization of ferric iron is the major problem confronting microorganisms. This process is achieved by two major mechanisms: ferric reduction and siderophore utilization. Ferric reductase is frequently accompanied by a copper oxidase transport system. There is one example of direct ferric iron transport apparently without prior reduction. Ferric reduction may also be accomplished by low molecular mass compounds. Some fungi have evolved a process of iron acquisition involving the synthesis of iron-gathering compounds called siderophores. Even those fungi that do not synthesize siderophores have developed permeases for transport of such compounds formed by other organisms. Fungi can also reductively release iron from siderophores and transport the ferrous iron often by the copper oxidase transport system. There is a great diversity of iron-gathering mechanisms expressed by pathogenic fungi and such diversity may be found even in a single species.

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“…One of the groups was subjected to higher resolution chromatography on the same resin and separated into seven different siderophores. Two of these compounds were found to be identical with known fungal siderophores, ferricrocin (Zahner et al, 1963;Neilands, 1973) and coprogen (Pidacks et al, 1953). A new siderophore, which has been given the name triornicin, was isolated and found to cause a marginal, but reproducible, extension of the mean life span of mice injected with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.…”

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confidence: 93%

Production and isolation of siderophores from the soil fungus Epicoccum purpurascens

Frederick¹,

Szaniszlo²,

Vickrey³

et al. 1981

Biochemistry

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A large number of iron transport agents, siderophores, which stimulated the growth of Arthrobacter flavescens JG-9, were isolated during a study of the antitumor activity associated with the metabolic products of the fungus Epicoccum purpurascens. The production of the siderophores was significantly enhanced in a variety of media by culture of the fungus in the near absence of ferric iron. A novel method of purification involving a carboxylic ion-exchange resin separated the siderophores into four subgroups. The first subgroup, which contained the majority of the activity, was subsequently resolved in a similar manner with the carboxylic resin into seven individual siderophores. Of these, two were characterized as ferricrocin and coprogen whereas the others appeared to represent new compounds. One of the latter was given the name triornicin and exhibited slight antitumor activity in mice injected with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.

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Coprogen, the Isolation of a New Growth Factor Required by Pilobolus Species

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Isolation and identification of the conidial germination factor of Neurospora crassa

Isolation and identification of the conidial germination factor of Neurospora crassa

Iron gathering by zoopathogenic fungi

Production and isolation of siderophores from the soil fungus Epicoccum purpurascens

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