Coprogen, a New Growth Factor for Coprophilic Fungi

Hesseltine, C. W.; Pidacks, C.; Whitehill, A. R.; Bohonos, N.; Hutchings, B. L.; Williams, Joseph H.

doi:10.1021/ja01125a525

Cited by 72 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Arn2p was the primary transporter for TAFC, whereas FC, FC-A, and FOB were not substrates for Arn2p. If Arn1p and Arn3p specifically recognized the peptide-linked, trihydroxamate-ferric iron complex, then the coprogens, another peptide-linked, trihydroxamate class of siderophores (23,33), would be predicted to be transport substrates for Arn1p and/or Arn3p.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siderophore-Iron Uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Yun

Tiedeman

Moore

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

149

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A family of four putative transporters (Arn1p-4p) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is expressed under conditions of iron deprivation and is regulated by Aft1p, the major iron-dependent transcription factor in yeast. One of these, Arn3p/Sit1p, facilitates the uptake of ferrioxamine B, a siderophore of the hydroxamate class. Here we report that ARN family members facilitated the uptake of iron from the trihydroxamate siderophores ferrichrome, ferrichrome A, and triacetylfusarinine C. Uptake of siderophore-bound iron was dependent on either the high-affinity ferrous iron transport system or the ARN family of transporters. The specificity of each siderophore for individual transporters was determined. Uptake of ferrichrome and ferrichrome A was facilitated by both Arn1p and Arn3p. Uptake of triacetylfusarinine C was facilitated by Arn2p, although small amounts of uptake also occurred through Arn1p and Arn3p. In contrast to the trihydroxamates, uptake of iron from the dihydroxamate rhodotorulic acid occurred only via the high-affinity ferrous iron system. Epitope-tagged Arn1p was expressed in intracellular vesicles in a pattern that was indistinguishable from that of Arn3p, whereas Ftr1p, a component of the high-affinity ferrous system, was expressed on the plasma membrane. These data indicate that S. cerevisiae maintains two systems of siderophore uptake, only one of which is located on the plasma membrane.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siderophore-Iron Uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Yun

Tiedeman

Moore

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

149

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“…At the same time, PAGE (1952) reported that haemin served as a growth factor for the fungus Pilobulus kleinii. HESSELTINE et al (1952) isolated from actinomycetes fermentation broths an iron-containing substance which proved 1,000 times more active than haemin as a growth factor for Pilobulus kleinii; they designated this substance as "coprogen". Ferrichrome was also discovered to be highly active as a growth factor for Pilobulus kleinii (PAGE, 1952).…”

Section: Biochemical Properties Of the Sideromycinsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antibiotics

1967

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AII rights, especially that of tnmslation into foreign languages, reserved. It is also forbidden to reproduce this book, either whole DedicationFor most areas of scientific pursuit, there is usually that rare investigator who has the imagination to conceive ideas, who has faith in his visions, and who has the ability to critically test his concepts in the laboratory. Almost invariably, this scientist also inspires younger men to enthusiastically enter into his research program. To him should go the accolades and the recognitions of the esteem in which he is held. As only a small part of this esteem, we wish to dedicate these books to Professor SELMAN A. W AKSMAN in appreciation of his leadership and contributions in all facets of antibiotic research. PrefaceThe idea for publishing these books on the mechanism of action and on the biosynthesis of antibiotics was born of frustration in our attempts to keep abreast of the literature. Gone were the years when we were able to keep a bibliography on antibiotics and feel confident that we could find everything that was being published on this subject. These fields of investigation were moving forward so rapidly and were encompassing so wide a range of specialized areas in microbiology and chemistry that it was almost impossible to keep abreast of developments. In our naivete and enthusiasm, however, we were unaware that we were toying with an idea that might enmesh us, that we were creating an entity with a life of its own, that we were letting loose a Golom who instead of being our servant would be our master.That we set up ideals for these books is obvious; they would be current guides to developments and information in the areas of mechanism of action and biosynthesis of antibiotics. For almost every subject, we wished to enlist the aid of an investigator who himself had played a part in determining the nature of the phenomena that were being discussed. One concept for the books was that they include only antibiotics for which a definitive, well-documented mechanism of action or biosynthetic pathway was known. Yet, such an approach would not entirely serve the purpose we projected, for it would not encompass all of the information available in these fields of antibiotic investigations and blind searches for the original literature would still have to be made. We therefore chose to include any and all antibiotics about which some pertinent information had been published. It was obvious even at the start that such a compilation, integration, and analysis of information could never be complete unless scientific investigations ceased at the moment the last manuscript was submitted-an end that was neither desirable nor possible. An addendum was therefore included at the end of the volume and left open for the addition of new information until the last pages of the regular articles had been printed.The original concept has also been further expanded as the authors of several papers found it advisable to elaborate on their subject. Some of the articles included discussions...

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“…The stimulation by haemin, however, provided a clue for further experimentation. It was recalled that in the nutrition of Pilobolus (Hesseltine et al 1952) and Arthrobacter terregens (Burton et al 1954) the relatively large haemin requirement could be replaced by low concentrations of coprogen and 76 A . L. Dernain and D. Hendlin terregens factor, respectively.…”

Section: Nutrition Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These were coprogen (Hesseltine et al 1952), ferrichrome (Neilands, 1952), and terregens factor (Lochhead, Burton & Thexton, 1952). Coprogen, an essential growth factor for the fungus Pilobolus, is produced by various bacteria (including actinomycetes) and fungi (Hesseltine et al 1953).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

'Iron Transport' Compounds as Growth Stimulators for Microbacterium sp.

Demain

Hendlin

1959

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARY:An organism, resembling Microbacterium lacticum, was found to be stimulated by liver or yeast extract in a medium composed of glucose, amino acids, vitamins, adenine, guanine, uracil, ammonium formate, and mineral salts. These complex materials could be replaced by comparable concentrations of porphyrincontaining compounds and by extremely low concentrations of ferrichrome, coprogen, or terregens factor, which are thought to act as intracellular 'iron transport factors'.

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Coprogen, a New Growth Factor for Coprophilic Fungi

Cited by 72 publications

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Siderophore-Iron Uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Siderophore-Iron Uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Antibiotics

'Iron Transport' Compounds as Growth Stimulators for Microbacterium sp.

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