Abstract.We investigated the effect of the calcium concentration in seawater and thereby the calcite saturation state ( ) on the magnesium and strontium incorporation into benthic foraminiferal calcite under laboratory conditions. For this purpose individuals of the shallow-water species Heterostegina depressa (precipitating high-Mg calcite, symbiont-bearing) and Ammonia tepida (low-Mg calcite, symbiont-barren) were cultured in media under a range of [Ca 2+ ], but similar Mg/Ca ratios. Trace element/Ca ratios of newly formed calcite were analysed with Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and normalized to the seawater elemental composition using the equation D TE =(TE/Ca calcite )/(TE/Ca seawater ). The culturing study shows that D Mg of A. tepida significantly decreases with increasing at a gradient of −4.3×10 −5 per unit. The D Sr value of A. tepida does not change with , suggesting that fossil Sr/Ca in this species may be a potential tool to reconstruct past variations in seawater Sr/Ca. Conversely, D Mg of H. depressa shows only a minor decrease with increasing , while D Sr increases considerably with at a gradient of 0.009 per unit. The different responses to seawater chemistry of the two species may be explained by a difference in the calcification pathway that is, at the same time, responsible for the variation in the total Mg incorporation between the two species. Since the Mg/Ca ratio in H. depressa is 50-100 times higher than that of A. tepida, it is suggested that the latter exhibits a mechanism that deCorrespondence to: M. Raitzsch (raitzsch@uni-bremen.de) creases the Mg/Ca ratio of the calcification fluid, while the high-Mg calcite forming species may not have this physiological tool. If the dependency of Mg incorporation on seawater [Ca 2+ ] is also valid for deep-sea benthic foraminifera typically used for paleostudies, the higher Ca concentrations in the past may potentially bias temperature reconstructions to a considerable degree. For instance, 25 Myr ago Mg/Ca ratios in A. tepida would have been 0.2 mmol/mol lower than today, due to the 1.5 times higher [Ca 2+ ] of seawater, which in turn would lead to a temperature underestimation of more than 2 • C.