“…In various natural settings (Jenne, 1968;Carpenter et al, 1975;Robinson, 1981;Dillard et al, 1982;Lind and Hem, 1993) and in a series of laboratory experiments, many metals are closely associated with Mn oxyhydroxides, including: Zn (Balistrieri and Murray, 1986;Catts et al, 1986;Hem et al, 1987), Cu and Ni (Balistrieri et al, 1986;Hem et al, 1989), Cd (Hem et al, 1991), Pb (Catts et al, 1986); but also in deep-sea sediments (Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) (Thomson et al, 1993), in sea water (Ni, Cu and V) (Shaw et al, 1990) and as coating on quartz (Manceau et al 2007). The importance of processes occurring at reaction sites on solid-phase surface in contact with Mn-bearing solutions has long been recognized, but these results are not observed here.…”