Copras Based Comparative Analysis of the European Country Management Capabilities Within the Construction Sector in the Time of Crisis / Europos Valstybių Gebėjimo Valdyti Statybos Sektorių Krizės Laikotarpiu Palyginamoji Analizė Taikant Copras Metodą

Abstract

Construction industry and its impact on the national economy in different countries had been investigated. In general, it can be noted that development trends of the construction industry is almost the same as the development trends of the whole country economy itself. Efficiency level of the construction and real estate industries depends on the specific quantities of the variables within micro, meso and macro context. Although factors of the macro level influence the efficiency level of the whole economy this investigation analyses its influence on the efficiency of the construction industry. Efficiency of the construction industry operation depends on the complex impact of the macro level variable factors such as economic, political and cultural level of development, construction industry are effected by the regulating documents, market, taxation system, drawing possibilities and conditions, inflation, local resources etc. (Kaklauskas et al. 2011). Construction industry development possibilities vary according to the effect of macro level factors. Crisis, spin up in 2008–2009, had differently affected the construction industry markets of the European Union countries. The general part of countries had faced the decrease of outputs, real estate transactions, and predictable reduction in employment of population and quantity of construction companies. Adverse conditions and huge deviations that had arisen due to the crisis encourage analysing the situation of the construction sector not only in the particular country but in other ones, it happens because of possibility to analyse the international experience and get the broader view of the construction sector issues and solve them correctly. Procedure, presented in the issue, provide the possibility to detect the one of 23 European countries which possesses the most effective construction sector market development according to the criteria set. Countries undergo the multi-criteria evaluation applying COPRAS methods (Zavadskas and Kaklauskas 1996), evaluation criteria relevance is determined via entropy method. The first time using the entropy concept (Shannon and Weaver 1947; Shannon 1948) for maximizing the quantity of information contained in the dataset. The entropy is described as the casual value of the uncertainty which makes it more valuable in comparison with other factors. Thus, the main goal of the work is to group investigated European countries applying the COPRAS method and evaluating six criteria, describing the construction sector. In order to implement this goal, economy of the European Union countries, construction sectors, statistical economic data, valuables set according to the entropy method and priority of the European country construction sectors set by COPRAS method will be evaluated. Santrauka Ivairiose šalyse buvo atlikti statybos šakos ir jos vaidmens nacionalineje ekonomikoje tyrimai. Pažymetina, kad dažniausiai konkrečios šalies statybos šaka vystosi pagal panašias tendencijas, kaip ir visa šalies ekonomika. Statybos ir nekilnojamojo turto šakos efektyvumo lygis priklauso nuo tam tikro skaičiaus kintamujų mikro-, mezo- ir makro- lygmenimis. Nors makrolygmens veiksniai veikia visos šalies pramonės efektyvumo lygį, šiame tyrime analizuojamas tik poveikis statybos šakos efektyvumui. Statybos šakos veiklos efektyvumas priklauso nuo ją kompleksiškai veikiančių makrolygmens kintamujų veiksnių, tokių kaip šalies ekonominis, politinis ir kultūrinis išsivystymo lygis, statybos šakos veiklą reglamentuojantys dokumentai, rinka, mokesčių sistema, kreditų gavimo galimybes ir sąlygos, infliacija, vietiniai ištekliai ir t. t. (Kaklauskas et al. 2011). Priklausomai nuo šių makrolygmens veiksnių poveikio visumos kinta statybos šakos plėtros galimybės. Įsisiūbavusi ekonomine krizė 2008–2009 m. skirtingai palietė Europos Sajungos šalių statybos sektorių rinkas. Daugelyje valstybiu sumažėjo gamybos apimtys, nekilnojamojo turto sandorių skaičius, pastebimai sumažejo gyventoju užimtumas bei statybos imoniu skaičius. Nepalankios sąlygos krizes metu bei didelės permainos skatina analizuoti situaciją statybos sektoriuje ne tik savo šalyje, bet ir kitose, nes tarptautinio patyrimo analizė suteikia galimybę plačiau pažvelgti į statybos sektoriaus problemas bei rasti jų sprendimo būdus. Straipsnyje pateikta metodika leidžia nustatyti efektyviausiai statybos sektoriaus rinką pagal parinktus kriterijus, vystančią šalį tarp 23 Europos valstybių. šalys vertinamos daugiakriteriniu COPRAS metodu (Zavadskas, Kaklauskas 1996), o vertinimo kriterijų reikšmingumai nustatomi entropijos metodu. Entropijos sąvoka apibrežiama kaip atsitiktinio dydžio neapibrežtumo matas, suteikiantis jam svorio palyginti prieš kitus rodiklius. Taigi pagrindinis darbo tikslas – COPRAS metodu sugrupuoti tiriamas Europos valstybes pagal prioritetiškumą, ivertinus šešis statybos sektorių apibūdinančius kriterijus. Šiam tikslui įgyvendinti analizuojama šalių ekonomika ir statybos sektoriai, renkami Europos Sąjungos šalių statistiniai ekonominiai duomenys, nustatomi jų reikšmingumai, pritaikius entropijos metodą, bei Europos šaliu statybos sektoriu prioritetiškumas taikant COPRAS metodą.

Selecting a Location for a Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal in the Eastern Baltic Sea

“…It is used for multi-criteria evaluation of both maximizing and minimizing criteria values. COPRAS method is widely used for evaluation of complex processes by quantitative multi-criteria methods (Chatterjee et al 2011;Bitarafan et al 2012;Tavana et al 2013;Fouladgar et al 2012a;Kildienė et al 2011;Tamošaitienė, Gaudutis 2013;Hashemkhani Zolfani et al 2012;Nguyen et al 2014;Mulliner et al 2013;Podvezko 2011). This method assumes direct and proportional dependence of priority and utility degree of study alternatives on the system of indices adequately describing the alternatives as well as on values and significances of indices.…”

Assessment of Health and Safety Solutions at a Construction Site

“…Shannon (1948) initiated the use of entropy in theory of information. Later, entropy was introduced in determination of criteria weights for multiple criteria problems (Ye 2010;Kildiene et al 2011;Liu, Zhang 2011;Shemshadi et al 2011;Susinskas et al 2011;Chen et al 2012). Let us suppose that a problem is defined on m alternatives and n decision criteria.…”

Complex Assessment of Structural Systems Used for High-Rise Buildings

“…PROMETHEE with Precedence Order in the Criteria (PPOC) as a New Group Decision-making Aid: An Application in Urban Water Supply Management (Roozbahani et al 2012) Expert judgment method Complex estimation and choice of resource saving decisions in construction (Zavadskas 1987) In determining the significance of quantitative indicators, the order of priority was arranged Multiple criteria evaluation of buildings (Zavadskas, Kaklauskas 1996) Risk assessment of construction projects Multiple criteria evaluation of buildings (Zavadskas, Kaklauskas 1996) Optimal alternative is the minimum distance from ideal solution and maximum distance from ideal solution is the worst COPRAS based comparative analysis of the European country management capabilities within the construction sector in the time of crisis (Kildienė et al 2011) Materials selection using complex proportional assessment and evaluation of mixed data methods (Chatterjee et al 2011) Material selection using preferential ranking methods (Chatterjee, Chakraborty 2012) Evaluating the construction methods of cold-formed steel structures in reconstructing the areas damaged in natural crises, using the methods AHP and COPRAS-G (Bitarafan et al 2012) Owner preferences regarding renovation measures Á the demonstration of using multi-criteria decision-making (Medineckienė, Bjö rk 2011) Multiple criteria decision support system for assessment of projects managers in construction ) COPRAS-G Risk assessment of construction projects The optimal alternative is at the minimum distance from the ideal solution while the maximum distance from the ideal solution means the worst option.…”