Copper scavenging efficiency of adsorbents prepared from Raphia hookeri fruit waste

Abstract

Low cost adsorbents prepared from the epicarp of Raphia hookeri fruit were used for the removal of copper (II) ion from aqueous solution. The effects of operational parameters such as pH, concentration and contact time, dosage as well as interference of other ions were studied. Optimum pH for raw and modified biomass were 5.0 and 5.5 with percentage removal of 75.08% and 95.62% respectively. Concentration of competing ions greatly reduced Cu 2+ removal with both adsorbents while agitation speed had negligible effect on Cu 2+ uptake. Adsorbents surfaces were activated as temperature increased thus enhancing adsorbent adsorption capacity at high temperature. Adsorption kinetic data fitted best into the pseudo second order model while the thermodynamics studies confirmed adsorption spontaneity and feasibility. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm best described the adsorption process and the Langmuir maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for the raw (RHE) and acid treated (ARHE) biomass were 81.97 and 103.09 mg/g respectively. Chemisorption predominate the Cu 2+ -ARHE system hence desorption efficiency was obtained to be 72.65% with CH 3 COOH as eluent.

Microwave-assisted urea modified crop residue in Cu2+ scavenging

“…Increase in available adsorption site obviously resulted in increased adsorbent dosage percentage. Adsorbent overlap/aggregation at dosage 4 g/L and above resulted in no further increase in adsorption percentage (Seema et al, 2018;Inyinbor et al, 2019). Quantity adsorbed however was observed to decrease with increase in adsorbent dosage.…”

“…Collection and pretreatment of RHFE is as presented in our recent work (Inyinbor et al, 2019). Briefly, local farmers within Makogi community, Edu local government of Kwara State supplied Raphia hookeri fruits.…”

“…Heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, chromium and lead have been grouped as priority control pollutants due to their persistence and irreversible toxicity (USEPA, 2014). Ingestion of high concentration of copper can result in gastrointestinal disruption, gastrointestinal bleeding, hemolytic anemia and respiratory challenges amongst other diseases (Inyinbor et al, 2019;Vardhan et al, 2019). The removal of such priority control pollutant from wastewater is important before their eventual discharge into the environment.…”

“…Crop residue of many kinds have been used in metal adsorption (Suganya and Senthil Kumar, 2018;Zhou et al, 2018;Inyinbor et al, 2019;Inyinbor et al, 2019a;Liu et al, 2019). Surface treatment, modification and functionalization can better enhance the adsorption efficiency of crop residues.…”

Ultrasound, infrared and its assisted technology, a promising tool in physical food processing: A review of recent developments

“…There is a global look-away from using chemical and emission processes; instead attention has been drawn to green processes and products. Green and sustainability are new terms that are currently being involved in the energy production field (Minutillo, Perna, and Sorce 2020;Armijo and Philibert 2020;Rajendran and Baskar 2021), environmental remediation (Inyinbor, Adekola, and Olatunji 2019;Karri, Sahu, and Meikap 2020;Ji, Jiang, et al 2020), constructions (Almalkawi, Balchandra, and Soroushian 2019;Javed et al 2020), agricultural production (Y. Wei et al 2021) and various other production and preservation processes (H. Mosca et al 2020;Do and Kim 2020).…”