Copper recovery from copper slags through flotation enhanced by sodium carbonate synergistic mechanical activation

Linsong, Wang; Zhiyong, Gao; Tang, Honghu; Li, Wang; Han, Haisheng; Sun, Wei; Yongbao, Qu; Yang, Yue

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2022.107671

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Besides the particle size, the amount of energy needed for grinding or crushing depends on the material structure and its hardness [49]. Grinding finer particles can use more energy [50]. Generally, in the mining processes, harder materials need the higher impact energy for breakage or second stage of grinding, which can also cause the extra energy consumption [49][50][51].…”

Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grinding finer particles can use more energy [50]. Generally, in the mining processes, harder materials need the higher impact energy for breakage or second stage of grinding, which can also cause the extra energy consumption [49][50][51]. Results presented in Figure 3 confirmed this assumption; the limestone was characterized by the lowest specific energy consumption, while the hardness was the lowest (3 in the Mohs scale from compared materials) hardness of andesite was 6.5 and of pumice was 6.5-6.0 [52].…”

Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy-Model and Life Cycle-Model for Grinding Processes of Limestone Products

Mannheim

Kruszelnicka

2022

Energies

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Fine and ultrafine grinding of limestone are frequently used in the pharmaceutical, chemical, construction, food, and cosmetic industries, however, research investigations have not yet been published on the combination of energy and life cycle modeling. Therefore, the first aim of this research work was the examination of main grinding parameters of the limestone particles to determine an empiric energy-model. Dry and wet grinding experiments have been carried out with a Bond mill and a laboratory stirred ball mill. During the grinding processes, the grinding time and the filling ratio have been adjusted. The second goal of this research assessed the resources, emissions and environmental impacts of wet laboratory grinding with the help of life cycle assessment (LCA). The life cycle assessment was completed by applying the GaBi 8.0 (version: 10.5) software and the CML method. As a result of research, the determination of an empiric energy-model allowed to develop an estimated particle size distribution and a relationship between grinding fineness and specific grinding energy. The particle size distribution of ground materials can be exactly calculated by an empirical Rosin–Rammler function which represented well the function parameters on the mill characters. In accordance with LCA results, the environmental impacts for the mass of a useful product for different levels of specific energy with the building of approximation functions were determined. This research work sets up a new complex model with the help of mathematical equations between life cycle assessment and specific energy results, and so improves the energy and environmental efficiency of grinding systems. This research work facilitates the industry to make predictions for a production-scale plant using an LCA of pilot grinding processes.

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Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Model and Life Cycle-Model for Grinding Processes of Limestone Products

Mannheim

Kruszelnicka

2022

Energies

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“…Sodium carbonate was frequently employed as a pH adjuster and dispersant in flotation aqueous system [13,23]. In addition, the use of sodium carbonate with sodium silicate showed synergistic effects and improved the depression of complex calcium gangue minerals [24][25][26].…”

Section: Flotation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roasting, leaching, microbial hydrometallurgy, and hydrothermal vulcanization could obtain desirable technical indexes to recover zinc and lead from low-grade zinc oxide deposits [9][10][11][12]; however, the application of these process routes has been usually uneconomical. Froth flotation methods are essential to the recovery of zinc and lead from these low-grade zinc oxide ores [13]. Of course, flotation reagents and flotation flow-sheets were the keys to addressing this obstacle originating from low-grade, highly oxidized properties and the complex co-occurrence relationships between minerals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Mineralogy Characteristics and Flotation Optimization of a Low-Grade Oxidized Lead and Zinc Ore from Lanping Mine

Yu,

Ding,

Yuan

et al. 2023

Minerals

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The beneficiation of low-grade oxidized lead and zinc ore from the Lanping mine has attracted extensive interest in the mineral processing field due to the extremely rich resource reserves and the challenge in lead and zinc recovery. This study’s objective is to analyze the process mineralogy characteristics and to conduct the flotation optimization of this ore. Mineralogy parameters of the ore, such as mineral composition, mineral liberation degree, and intergrowth relationship, were investigated using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), an X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), and an electronic probe microanalyzer (EPMA). The effect of the main experimental factors on the lead and zinc flotation is determined and compared. The results confirm that the low content of lead and zinc and the complex co-occurrence relationships between minerals bring a challenge to the efficient separation of the ore. Furthermore, a flow sheet consisting of “lead preferred flotation-zinc flotation” is performed, and an all-open flotation process consisted of “two-times lead rougher-one-time lead cleaner-two-times zinc rougher-one-time zinc cleaner” is finally employed for the beneficiation of this ore with the aids of mixed depressants and cationic-anionic collectors for zinc recovery. The Pb grade in the lead rougher concentrate is 2.83%, and the Pb recovery is 57.56%. The Zn grade reaches 28.64% with a recovery of 83.45%. Thus, the findings provide important technical supports for the processing of similar ores.

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“…Flotation is extensively used to recover copper and other metals from smelter slags [ 35 , 36 ]. Flotation with xanthate collectors enhanced by chemical and mechanical activation is applied to recover copper from slags with high efficiency above 90% [ 37 ]. A comprehensive review of the methods of copper recovery from slags is presented by Kundu et al [ 38 ], where the authors compare the efficiency and environmental impact of methods of flotation, hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy to recover copper from the slags.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogical Characterization of Historic Copper Slag to Guide the Recovery of Valuable Metals: A Namibian Case Study

Dzinomwa,

Mapani,

Nghipulile

et al. 2023

Materials

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The depletion of the ore reserves in the world necessitates the search for secondary sources such as waste products (tailings and slag). The treatment and cleaning up of such secondary sources also has a positive impact on the environment. A smelter in Namibia we examined had historic slag which accumulated over decades of its operating life, thus posing the challenge of how best to collect representative samples to evaluate and propose viable methods of recovering contained metals. In this study, analytical and mineralogical characterization of the slag was performed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS), ICP-OES, scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis, and optical microscopy analysis. The chemical analyses showed that the metal values contained in the slag were mainly copper, lead, and zinc whose average contents were approximately 0.35% Cu, 3% Pb, and 5.5% Zn. About 10.5% Fe was also contained in the slag. Germanium was detected by scanning electron microscopy, but was however below detection limits of the chemical analysis equipment used. Based on the results, approximate conditions under which the different slag phases were formed were estimated and the recovery routes for the various metals were proposed. Analysis by both optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed that Zn and Fe occurred mainly in association with O as oxides, while Cu and Pb were mainly associated with S as sulphides. The slag consisted of three different phases, namely the silicate phase (slag), metallic phase and the sulphide phases. The phases in the slag were mainly silicate phases as well as metallic and sulphide phases. It was observed that the metallic and sulphide phases were dominant in the finer size fractions (−75 µm) whereas the sulphide phase was also present in the coarser size fractions (+300 µm). An important finding from the microscopy examination was that the sulphide phases were interstitial and could be liberated from the slag. This finding meant that liberation and subsequent concentration of the sulphide phases was feasible using conventional processing techniques.

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Copper recovery from copper slags through flotation enhanced by sodium carbonate synergistic mechanical activation

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Energy-Model and Life Cycle-Model for Grinding Processes of Limestone Products

Energy-Model and Life Cycle-Model for Grinding Processes of Limestone Products

Process Mineralogy Characteristics and Flotation Optimization of a Low-Grade Oxidized Lead and Zinc Ore from Lanping Mine

Mineralogical Characterization of Historic Copper Slag to Guide the Recovery of Valuable Metals: A Namibian Case Study

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