Copper Nanoparticles Embedded in Lithium Tantalate Crystals for Multi-GHz Lasers

Pang, Chi; Li, Rang; Li, Ziqi; Dong, Ningning; Amekura, H.; Wang, Shixiang; Yu, Haohai; Wang, Jun; Ren, Feng; Ishikawa, N.; Okubo, Nariaki; Chen, Feng

doi:10.1021/acsanm.9b01321

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…[106] Pang et al also combined CuNPs with lithium tantalate crystal to generate Q-switched mode-locked pulse in 1-μm waveguide laser. [105] These results indicated the broad application prospects of CuNPs embedded into crystals. In addition, Ismail et al used CuNPs combined with PVA and chitosan as medium to produce ultrafast pulses in EDFLs, where stable Q-switched pulses and d) RF spectrum.…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 84%

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Recent Progress on Metal‐Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Applications in Ultrafast Photonics

Sun

Cheng

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Nanomaterials have demonstrated excellent mechanical, thermal, optical, and electrical properties in various fields, including 1D carbon nanotubes, as well as 2D materials starting from graphene. Metal-based nanomaterials, mainly divided into metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, also gradually come into the sight of ultrafast photonics applications due to the outstanding optical properties. The optical properties of metal nanoparticles can be enhanced by the interaction between conduction electrons with electric fields that is called surface plasmon resonance. As for metal oxide nanoparticles, optical properties are closely related to bandgap structures. When it comes to transition metal oxides, other phenomena also play important roles in optical absorption such as spin inversion and excitons of iron. Moreover, preparation methods of materials are also crucial for their properties and further applications. Therefore, in this review, commonly used physical and chemical fabrication methods for metal-based nanomaterials are first introduced. Then the optical properties of typical metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are discussed specifically. In addition, the applications of metal-based nanomaterials in ultrafast lasers based on mode-locked and Q-switched techniques are also summarized. Finally, a summary and outlook toward the synthesis, optical properties, and applications in ultrafast photonics of metal-based nanomaterials are presented.

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Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Similarly, Cu ions were implanted into lithium niobate and lithium tantalate to obtain Cu NP-based SAs. [105,106] Physical methods are used for the preparation of TiO 2 NP from commercial rutile or anatase. For example, anatase can be dissolved in water with the aid of sodium dodecylsulphate followed by stirring and centrifugation.…”

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Metal‐Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Applications in Ultrafast Photonics

Sun

Cheng

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The dependence of pulse energy and peak power is shown in Figure 5g, and the maximum pulse energy and peak power of a single pulse can reach 6.27 nJ and 298 mW. Most of the previous works only achieved a mixed state of Q‐switched and mode‐locking, [ 23–25,44 ] which is typically considered as not stable. The high modulation depth and low saturation intensity of Ag:YVO 4 endow the realization of all‐optical switching functionalities instead of the insufficient mixed state of Q‐switched mode‐locking operation in an optical waveguide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐Infrared All‐Optical Switching Based on Nano/Micro Optical Structures in YVO₄ Matrix: Embedded Plasmonic Nanoparticles and Laser‐Written Waveguides

Pang

et al. 2020

Advanced Photonics Research

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Nonlinear interactions between light and matter give rise to a wide range of applications for both fundamental and applied research. Herein, near‐infrared switching of the optical response based on embedded Ag nanoparticles and laser‐written optical waveguides within yttrium vanadate (YVO4) crystal matrix is demonstrated. Using broadband transient absorption spectroscopy with a combination of femtosecond Z‐scan spectroscopy, the plasmon‐enhanced features of the third‐order optical nonlinearity in Ag:YVO4 nanocomposite at the near‐infrared band are elucidated. Meanwhile, an optical‐lattice‐like microscale waveguide is fabricated with well‐preserved photoluminescence properties by femtosecond laser writing. Taking advantage of the ultrafast on–off switching behavior of Ag:YVO4 saturable absorber, a Q‐switched pulsed laser operation in the waveguide platform, delivering 1 μm light pulses with high peak power of 298 mW, is demonstrated. This work indicates a possible path for the development of chip‐scale ultrafast photonic devices.

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“…Based on Nd:YVO 4 waveguide, 6.4 GHz QML laser has achieved with the pulse duration of 74.1 ps. Cu nanoparticles embedded in LiTaO 3 crystal have also demonstrated as an effective SA in 8.5 GHz QML waveguide laser operation [90]. As shown in figure 3, the embedded plasmonic nanoparticles could enable the highly integrated design of pulsed waveguide laser sources.…”

Section: Mode-locked Waveguide Lasersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Low-dimensional materials as saturable absorbers for pulsed waveguide lasers

Pang

et al. 2020

J. Phys. Photonics

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Low-dimensional (LD) materials, such as 2D materials, carbon nanotubes, and nanoparticles, have attracted increasing attention for light modulation in photonics and optoelectronics. The high nonlinearity, broad bandwidth, and fast response enabled by LD materials are critical to realize desired functionalities in highly integrated photonic systems. Driven by the growing demand for compact laser sources, LD materials have recently demonstrated their great capacity as saturable absorbers in pulsed (Q-switched or mode-locked) laser generation in waveguide platforms. We review the recent advances of pulsed waveguide lasers based on LD materials. A perspective is also presented in this rapidly growing research field. Fundamentals of LD saturable absorbers and optical waveguidesOwing to the diverse electronic structures, LD materials offer versatile options to realize wide applications based on the nonlinear optical response. Currently, semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) are the most frequently used commercial SAs, processing high damage threshold and prominent stability. However, a variety of LD materials retain a number of advantages to be nonlinear SAs, of which SESAMs © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd J. Phys. Photonics 2 (2020) 031001 Z Li et al cannot fulfill, such as broadband operation, ultrafast recovery time, low cost, and better compatibility with compact devices such as fibers and waveguides. Recently, an increasing number of research efforts have been made to unfold the nonlinear optical properties as well as its corresponding applications of the emerging LD materials [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. For semiconducting or semimetallic LD materials, the main mechanism for nonlinear saturable absorption is Pauli blocking. After photoexcitation, non-equilibrium carrier state could be created, in which valence-band electrons can be excited to the conduction band, and a hole can be formed on the valence band. As the increase of the incident light intensity, the photon absorption processes of LD materials experience a transition from linear absorption to saturable absorption. When the light intensity continues increasing and reaches the saturation intensity, the extra photons will no longer be absorbed by the electrons in the valence band, and the transmittance of the SA will not increase but gradually tend to a stable value. For metallic nanoparticles, the dominant mechanism is the LSPR effect arising from the interaction between the electric field of incident light and the surface electrons in the conduction band. The optical nonlinearity could be significantly enhanced while maintaining the ultrafast recovery time. These nonlinear effects are widely used in passively Q-switched or mode-locked lasers. In order to characterize the nonlinear optical properties, femtosecond Z-scan spectroscopy is typically employed by moving the sample along the Z direction through a focused Gaussian beam. The laser intensity can be varied continuously with the maximum at the focal poin...

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Copper Nanoparticles Embedded in Lithium Tantalate Crystals for Multi-GHz Lasers

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Recent Progress on Metal‐Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Applications in Ultrafast Photonics

Recent Progress on Metal‐Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Applications in Ultrafast Photonics

Near‐Infrared All‐Optical Switching Based on Nano/Micro Optical Structures in YVO₄ Matrix: Embedded Plasmonic Nanoparticles and Laser‐Written Waveguides

Low-dimensional materials as saturable absorbers for pulsed waveguide lasers

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Copper Nanoparticles Embedded in Lithium Tantalate Crystals for Multi-GHz Lasers

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Recent Progress on Metal‐Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Applications in Ultrafast Photonics

Recent Progress on Metal‐Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Applications in Ultrafast Photonics

Near‐Infrared All‐Optical Switching Based on Nano/Micro Optical Structures in YVO4 Matrix: Embedded Plasmonic Nanoparticles and Laser‐Written Waveguides

Low-dimensional materials as saturable absorbers for pulsed waveguide lasers

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Near‐Infrared All‐Optical Switching Based on Nano/Micro Optical Structures in YVO₄ Matrix: Embedded Plasmonic Nanoparticles and Laser‐Written Waveguides