Copper nanoparticles as an efflux pump inhibitor to tackle drug resistant bacteria

Christena, Lowrence Rene; Mangalagowri, Vimalanathan; Pradheeba, Prabhakaran; Ahmed, Khawaja Ashfaque; Shalini, Bastin Infanta Sandhiya; Vidyalakshmi, Mohan; Veerappan, Anbazhagan; Nagarajan, Saisubramanian

doi:10.1039/c4ra15382k

Cited by 90 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…To move noxious agents from the inside out, the efflux pump utilizes energy sources through proton motive force (PMF) or ATP synthesis (25). Thus, one possibility for rationalizing the loss of efflux pump activity is that intracellular ATP is depleted due to the inhibition of ATPase by ROS (19,26). This is also associated with the abortion of DNA replication, resulting in no bacterial growth (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, one possibility for rationalizing the loss of efflux pump activity is that intracellular ATP is depleted due to the inhibition of ATPase by ROS (19,26). This is also associated with the abortion of DNA replication, resulting in no bacterial growth (26). A previous study conducted by Berney,Weilenmann,and Egli (19) demonstrated that UV-A light rapidly diminished ATP and simultaneously inactivated efflux pump activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial Mechanism of 405-Nanometer Light-Emitting Diode against Salmonella at Refrigeration Temperature

Kim

Yuk

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The aim of this study was to elucidate the antibacterial mechanism of 405 Ϯ 5-nm light-emitting diode (LED) illumination against Salmonella at 4°C in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) by determining endogenous coproporphyrin content, DNA oxidation, damage to membrane function, and morphological change. Gene expression levels, including of oxyR, recA, rpoS, sodA, and soxR, were also examined to understand the response of Salmonella to LED illumination. The results showed that Salmonella strains responded differently to LED illumination, revealing that S. enterica serovar Enteritidis (ATCC 13076) and S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Saintpaul (ATCC 9712) were more susceptible and resistant, respectively, than the 16 other strains tested. There was no difference in the amounts of endogenous coproporphyrin in the two strains. Compared with that in nonilluminated cells, the DNA oxidation levels in illuminated cells increased. In illuminated cells, we observed a loss of efflux pump activity, damage to the glucose uptake system, and changes in membrane potential and integrity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a disorganization of chromosomes and ribosomes due to LED illumination. The levels of the five genes measured in the nonilluminated and illuminated S. Saintpaul cells were upregulated in PBS at a set temperature of 4°C, indicating that increased gene expression levels might be due to a temperature shift and nutrient deficiency rather than to LED illumination. In contrast, only oxyR in S. Enteritidis cells was upregulated. Thus, different sensitivities of the two strains to LED illumination were attributed to differences in gene regulation.IMPORTANCE Bacterial inactivation using visible light has recently received attention as a safe and environmentally friendly technology, in contrast with UV light, which has detrimental effects on human health and the environment. This study was designed to understand how 405 Ϯ 5-nm light-emitting diode (LED) illumination kills Salmonella strains at refrigeration temperature. The data clearly demonstrated that the effectiveness of LED illumination on Salmonella strains depended highly on the serotype and strain. Our findings also revealed that its antibacterial mechanism was mainly attributed to DNA oxidation and a loss of membrane functions rather than membrane lipid peroxidation, which has been proposed by other researchers who studied the antibacterial effect of LED illumination by adding exogenous photosensitizers, such as chlorophyllin and hypericin. Therefore, this study suggests that the detailed antibacterial mechanisms of 405-nm LED illumination without additional photosensitizers may differ from that by exogenous photosensitizers. Furthermore, a change in stress-related gene regulation may alter the susceptibility of Salmonella cells to LED illumination at refrigeration temperature. Thus, our study provides new insights into the antibacterial mechanism of 405 Ϯ 5-nm LED illumination on Salmonella cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Mechanism of 405-Nanometer Light-Emitting Diode against Salmonella at Refrigeration Temperature

Kim

Yuk

2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Inspite of their bioactivity, the antibiofilm potential of CuNPs is rarely explored [17]. Only a few reports are published in the last year on, the use of copper-containing nanoparticles in the treatment of biofilms [9,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiofilm activity of biogenic copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles-antimicrobials collegiate against multiple drug resistant bacteria: a nanoscale approach

et al. 2016

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The synthesis of biogenic nanoparticles from non-chemical resources has increased the drive toward understanding infection biology. Accordingly, we aimed to address the symbiotic antibiofilm effect of biogenic copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles with antimicrobials against multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) at the range from 2 to 128 lg/ml was calculated against Grampositive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria using a broth dilution method. Both nanoparticles have prime antibacterial activity compared with standard antibiotics (excluding against P.aeruginosa MTCC 741). A qualitative assessment of biofilm formation and collegial effect was performed using a modified test tube and the microtiter plate-based method by measuring the optical density and time kill of nanoparticles. The results demonstrated efficient antibiofilm activity of CuNPs in its lowest concentration than ZnONPs and antibiotics itself. In addition, significant enhancing antibiofilm effect was also shown by CuNPs in the presence of third generation antibiotics against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was used to investigate the effect of the nanoparticles on morphological changes of Staphylococcus aureus. Current data highlights, biogenic CuNPs and ZnONPs could be used as an adjuvant for antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial infections.

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“…Treatment of P. aeruginosa with CuNPs displayed cell death while S. aureus showed loss of colony formation which may be the cause of cell death(fig 3). Thus, it clear that CuNPs act as potent efflux pump inhibitors and also caused cell death by damaging the cell membrane which is similar to the mode of action of antibiotics(Christena et al,2015).5.3. Inhibition of enzyme by nanoparticlesEnzymesare one of the major bacterial virulence factors during infection caused by the bacteria.…”

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confidence: 80%

Future prospects of antibacterial metal nanoparticles as enzyme inhibitor

Ahmed

Raman

Veerappan

2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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Copper nanoparticles as an efflux pump inhibitor to tackle drug resistant bacteria

Abstract: Casein capped copper nanoparticles at sub inhibitory concentrations function as an efflux pump inhibitor and restores susceptibility to antibiotics in drug resistant bacteria.

Cited by 90 publications

References 73 publications

Antibacterial Mechanism of 405-Nanometer Light-Emitting Diode against Salmonella at Refrigeration Temperature

Antibacterial Mechanism of 405-Nanometer Light-Emitting Diode against Salmonella at Refrigeration Temperature

Antibiofilm activity of biogenic copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles-antimicrobials collegiate against multiple drug resistant bacteria: a nanoscale approach

Future prospects of antibacterial metal nanoparticles as enzyme inhibitor

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