Copper induced oxidative stresses, antioxidant responses and phytoremediation potential of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)

Abstract

Moso bamboo is recognized as phytoremediation plant due to production of huge biomass and high tolerance in stressed environment. Hydroponics and pot experiments were conducted to investigate mechanism of copper tolerance and to evaluate copper accumulation capacity of Moso bamboo. In hydroponics experiment there was non significant variation in MDA contents of leaves compared with control. SOD and POD initially indicated enhancing trend with application of 5 μM Cu and then decreased consistently with application of 25 and 100 μM Cu. Application of each additional increment of copper have constantly enhanced proline contents while maximum increase of proline was observed with application of 100 μM copper. In pot experiment chlorophyll and biomass initially showed increasing tendency and decreased gradually with application of each additional increment of Cu. Normal growth of Moso bamboo was observed with application of 100 mg kg−1 copper. However, additional application of 300 or 600 mg kg−1 copper had significantly inhibited growth of Moso bamboo. The concentration of Cu in Moso bamboo has attained the levels of 340, 60, 23 mg kg−1 in roots, stems and leaves respectively. The vacuoles were the main organs which accumulated copper and reduced toxicity of copper as studied by TEM-DEX technology.

Streptomyces pactum assisted phytoremediation in Zn/Pb smelter contaminated soil of Feng County and its impact on enzymatic activities

“…also reported an increase in the uptake of trace elements in the aerial parts of alfalfa after the application of sheep manure. The uptake of Cu in shoots is low compared to the other elements because it is the least available fraction in soil40.…”

Response at Genetic, Metabolic, and Physiological Levels of Maize (Zea mays) Exposed to a Cu(OH)2 Nanopesticide

“…45 Chen et al, indicated that moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) can increase the activity of POD to protect it from oxidative damage induced by Cu toxicity, but high Cu stress has caused a large amount of reactive oxygen species which inhibited enzyme activity. 46 Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are ubiquitous enzymes that play key roles in detoxifying oxidative-stress metabolites. 47 Khatun et al 48 reported that GST activity in Withania somnifera leaves was increased in the presence of Cu when compared to control plants, indicating that antioxidant enzymes played an important role in protecting the plant from Cu toxicity.…”

Exploring the Influence of Environmental Factors on Bacterial Communities within the Rhizosphere of the Cu-tolerant plant, Elsholtzia splendens

“…Cu is one of these metals, although it is an essential micronutrient for normal plant growth and development, which can impair and damage plant growth when exceeding the optimal concentration12. Various physical and chemical technologies have been developed to remediate soils contaminated with metals, and phytoremediation is becoming increasingly popular because of its economic, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly features3.…”